摘要
作为传统需求管理工具的美国财政政策主要包括“启动注水”政策、“补偿性”政策和“增长性”政策三种类型 ,三大政策的目标取向分别定位在“反萧条”“反经济周期”和“加速经济增长”。实践中 ,它们均在一定程度上适应了经济形势和经济理论发展的需要。只要运用得当 ,三大政策在各自的作用区域均能取得较好的效果。三大政策都是以赤字手段实现经济稳定和增长的目标 ,但实现的目标各有侧重 ,采取的方式和手段也有所不同。无论实施哪一种政策 ,都需要对经济形势做出比较准确的判断 ,并主动予以实施 ,政策实施的力度和时机选择非常重要。从三大政策中应该汲取的一个教训是 ,财政政策的目标定位应该合理适中 ,要把短期稳定目标和中长期增长目标结合起来 ,不能厚此薄彼。
American financial policy as traditional tool for the management of demand and supply mainly includes pump-priming policy, compensative policy and growth policy. The goals set for these three policies are anti-recession, anti-economic cycle and accelerating economic growth respectively. In practice, they meet, to a certain extent, the need of economic situation and development of economic theory. The three policies, if used skillfully, can achieve good results in their respective functional area. The three policies are all aimed at achieving economic stability and economic growth through the means of deficit. But the emphasis of the goals and the measures adopted are not the same. Whatever policy to be used, the most important thing is to make comparatively accurate judgment of the economic situation and to have appropriate control of the intensity and timing of the implementation of the policy chosen. The lesson to be drawn is the goal set for the financial policy should be rational and appropriate, and equal attention should be paid to short-term stability goal and medium-and long-term growth goal.
出处
《美国研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第3期69-83,共15页
The Chinese Journal of American Studies
