1[1]The Digitalis Investigation Group.The effect of digoxin on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure[J].N Engl J Med,1997,336:525-533.
2[2]The SOLVD Investigators.Effect of enalapril on mortality and development ofheart failure in asymptomatic patients with reduced left ventricular ejection frac-tions[J].N Engl J Med,1991,327:685-691.
3[3]The SOLVD Investigators.Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure.The SOLVD Investigators[J].N Engl J Med,1991,325:293-302.
4[4]Cohn JN,Johnson G,Ziesche S,et al.A comparison of enalapril with hydralazine-isosorbide dinitrate in the treatment of chroic congestive heart failure[J].N Engl J Med,1991,325:303-310.
5[5]MERIT-HF Study Group.Effedt of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure:Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF)[J].Lancet,1999,353:2001-2007.
6[6]Packer M,O'Connor CM,Ghali JK,et al.Effect of amlodipine on morbidity andmortality in severe chronic heart failure[J].N Engl J Med,1996,335:1107-1114.
7[7]Pitt B,Zannad F,Remme WJ,et al,for the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators.The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure[J].N Engl J Med,1999,341:709-717.
8[8]CIBIS-Ⅱ Investigators and Committees.The Cardiac Insufficiency BisoprololStudyⅡ (CIBIS-Ⅱ):a randomized trial[J].Lancet,1999,353:9-13.
10[10]McCullough PA,Philbin EF,Spertus JA,et al.Confirmation of a heart failure epidemic:findings from the resource utilization among congestive heart failure (REACH) study[J].J Am Coll Cardiol,2002,39:60-69.
1Young JB,Abraham WT,Albert NM. Relation of low hemoglobin and anemia to morbidity and mortality in patients hospitalized with heart failure (insight from the OPTIMIZE-HF registry)[J].{H}American Journal of Cardiology,2008,(2):223-230.
2Felker GM,Allen LA,Pocock SJ. Red cell distribution width as a novel prognostic marker in heart failure:data from the CHARM Program and the Duke Databank[J].J Am Coil Cardiol,2007,(1):40-47.
3Al-Najjar Y,Goode KM,Zhang J. Red cell distribution width:an inexpensive and powerful prognostic marker in heart failure[J].{H}European Journal of heart failure,2009,(12):1155-1162.
4Silverberg DS,Wexler D,Blum M. The cardio renal anemia syndrome:correcting anemia in patients with resistant congestive heart failure can improve both the cardiac and renal function and reduce hospitalizations[J].{H}Clinical Nephrology,2003,(Suppl 1):S93-S102.
5Mahon NG,Blackstone EH,Francis GS. The prognostic value of estimated creatinine clearance alongside functional capacity in ambulatory patients with chronic congestive heart failure[J].{H}Journal of the America College of Cardiology,2002,(6):1106-1113.
6Smilde TD,Hillege HL,Voors AA. Prognostic importance of renal function in patients with early heart failure and mild left ventrieular dysfunction[J].{H}American Journal of Cardiology,2004,(2):240-243.
7Deswal A,Petersen NJ,Feldman AM. Cytokines and cytokine receptors in advanced heart failure:an analysis of the cytokine database from the Vesnarinone trial (VEST)[J].Cirtulation,2001,(16):2055-2059.
8F(o)rhécz Z,Gombos T,Borgnlya G. Red cell distribution width in heart failure:prediction of clinical events and relationship with markers of ineffective erythropoiesis,inflammation,renal function,and nutritional state[J].{H}American Heart Journal,2009,(4):659-666.
9Silverberg DS,Wexler D,Iaina A. The importance of anemia and its correction in the management of severe congestive heart failure[J].{H}European Journal of heart failure,2002,(6):681-686.