摘要
以体外培养的人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞为材料,在用扫描和透射电镜观察细胞衰老过程中超微结构变化的同时,动态观察黄芪抗细胞衰老效应。结果表明,体外培养人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞成活至52代,而含0.2%黄芪制取液的培养基使细胞成活至77代。扫描电镜下可见细胞随增龄而由扁平长梭形变为圆球形,伪足、微绒毛递增,细胞胞体变小,细胞凹陷增多且逐步加深。透射电镜显示细胞增龄变化主要为细胞核逐渐变小,核进行性凹陷加深,核膜从部分融合到全部崩解;异染色质渐增,而常染色质递减;核仁变小且疏松;线粒体减少,嵴少,基质凝聚,肿胀,空泡化;粗面内质网减少,脱粒,游离核糖核蛋白体增多;高尔基复合体减少,其囊泡排列紊乱且肿胀;溶酶体递减;脂褐质递增.黄芪组细胞衰老过程中细胞器的变化与上述非黄芪组细胞的衰老变化规律基本相同;但其改变程度显然较轻,变化速率相对缓慢.特别是黄芪组细胞之高尔基复合体、中心体特别发达,虽细胞已衰老而它们却不甚衰老.研究证明黄芪具抗衰延寿的良好效应,以其做为抗衰老延寿命的药物值得高度重视和大力开发.
The changes of ultrastructure of human embryonic lung diploid fibroblasts(HELDF) cultured in vitro in the process of cell aging were studied with scanning electron-microscope (SEM)and transmission electron-microscope(TEM).In the meanwhile,the antiaging ef- fects of Huangqi(Astragalus membranceus Bunge,or AMB)at different stages were studied dynamically.The results showed that HELDF cultured in vitro lived up to 52 generations while the culture medium containing 0.2% AMB extract made the cells live up to 77 genera- tions.Under SEM we saw that the cells changed from flat and long fusiform to ball-shaped. Their pseudopodia and microvilli increased progressively.The body of cell became smaller,its hollows deepened gradually.Under TEM the change of cells with increasing age were mainly as follows:Nucleus became smaller gradually.The hollows deepened increasingly.Nuclear membrane changed from partly fusion to totally disintegration.Heterochromatins increased while euehromatins decreased gradually.Nucleous became small and loose.Mitochondria and their eristae decreased.The stroma became cohesive,swollen and vaeuolized.Rough endo- plasmic reticulum decreased and degranulated.The free ribosomes increased.Golgi complexes decreased and their cysts arrayed disorderly and swelled.Lysosomes decreased and lipofuscin increased gradually.The rules of changes of the organelles of the cells treated with AMB were basically the same as those of the control cells in the process of cell aging.However,the degree of change of the former is obviously lighter and the speed of change is also relatively slower.Golgi complexes and centrosomes were especially rich in the cells treated with AMB and they did not show much decrepitude although the cells have aged.Our research mani- fests that AMB has good effects on antiaging and longevity.As a medicine of antiaging and longevity,it should be payed more attention and further exploration.
关键词
黄芪
胚肺
二倍体
成纤维细胞
衰老
Astragalus membranaceous Bunge
human embryonic lung diploid fibroblast
aging
