摘要
目的为掌握云南省肾综合征出血热流行病学特点 ,提供防治参考 ,对人间和鼠间疫情进行了监测。方法收集全省本病疫情资料 ,并在监测县采集人血清以及鼠肺脏和鼠血清作汉坦病毒抗原和抗体检查。结果 2 0 0 1～ 2 0 0 2年全省共报告本病 10 2例 ,死亡 3例 ,年发病率为 0 . 12 /10万 ,病死率为 2 . 94%。主要发病地区为红河州、昆明市、楚雄州。疫区人群隐性感染率为 4. 19%。 2 0 0 2年在泸西、寻甸和永胜监测点捕获鼠类 9种 891只 ,居民区以褐家鼠和黄胸鼠为优势鼠种 ,野外以高山姬鼠为优势种 ;鼠间汉坦病毒带毒率为 3 . 65 % ,带病毒鼠种为褐家鼠、黄胸鼠、小家鼠和高山姬鼠。 2 0 0 1年在大理市野外捕鼠 12种 14 0只 ,大绒鼠为优势种 ,带毒鼠为大绒鼠、大足鼠、黄胸鼠、社鼠和短尾鼠句。结论监测区内存在有以褐家鼠和黄胸鼠为主要宿主动物的家鼠型疫源地 ,也存在着以高山姬鼠和大绒鼠为主的野鼠型疫源地。发病率上升与较高的鼠密度和鼠间感染率有关。应采取以灭家鼠和接种家鼠型或两型混合疫苗为主的防治措施。
Objective To understand epidemiological characteristics of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) for offering a guidance of control and prevention of HFRS in Yunnan Province. Method Collecting the data of cases of HFRS in Yunnan Province and collecting human sera and the lung tissue and sera of rodents in the surveillance counties and detecting the antibody and antigen of Hattanvirus. Result 102 cases and 3 deaths had been reported in Yunnan Province in 2001 and 2002. The incident rate was 0.12/ 100 000 and the case fatality rate was 2.97%. The main attacking areas were in Honghe Prefecture, Kunming City and Chuxiong Prefecture. The inapparent infection rate was 4.19% in population in the epidemic areas. 9 species of 891 rodents had been captured in Luxi, Xundian and Yongshen counties where are surveillance areas. Rodents of Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipectus were the dominant species in human living areas and rodent of Apodemus agrarius was the dominant species in the fields. The Hattanvirus carring rate was 3.65% in rodents and the virus-carrying rodents were Rattus norvegicus, Rattus flavipectus,Mus musculus and Apodemus agrarius. 12 species of 140 rodents had been captured in the fields of Dali City in 2001 and rodent of Eothenomys miletus was the dominant species. The rodents of virus-carring were Eothenomys miletus,Rattus nitidus, Rattus flavipectus, Niviventer confucianus and Anowrosorex squamipesi squamipes. Conclusion There are the Rattus foci with the hosts of the main rodents of Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipectus and there are the Apodemus foci with the host of the main rodents of Apodemus agrarius and Eothenomys miletus too in the surveillance areas. The incidence had been increasing as the density of rodents and the rate of virus infection in the rodents went up. It should be taken measures of rodent elimination and seoul type or mixed type vaccination for HFRS prevention.
出处
《地方病通报》
2004年第4期42-47,共6页
Endemic Diseases Bulletin
关键词
肾综合征出血热
监测
云南
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
Surveillance
Yunnan Province
