摘要
利用气象常规资料 ,对天津机场地区 1979～ 2 0 0 2年出现的 3次冻雨天气进行对比分析 ,找出了冻雨发生的天气形势特点和大气垂直结构特征 :地面受低压控制 ,高空处在槽前 ,有明显的增温现象 ,槽前西南暖湿气流强盛 ,存在低空急流 ;85 0hPa到地面存在逆温层 ;70 0～ 5 0 0hPa之间有冰晶层 ,冰晶层内的温度为 - 10～ - 14℃ ;85 0hPa附近为暖层 ,暖层底部的高度在 1 0～ 2 0km左右 ,暖层的厚度大约为 1 0～ 2 0km ,暖层内的温度大约为 0～2℃ ;从地面到 1 0～ 2 0km的高度存在冷层 ,冷层内温度大约为 0～ - 2℃。以 2 0 0 2年 12月 13～ 14日的冻雨天气为代表个例 ,利用客观分析产品进行诊断分析 ,总结出冻雨天气预报的着眼点 ,为冻雨天气预报提供参考。
The weather situations and atmospheric vertical structural characteristics for three freezing rain events were analyzed by using meteorological conventional observations in the Tianjin airport area during last 24 years. It is found while freezing rain occuring that the Tianjin airport area, controlled by a low pressure system on the surface map, was situated in front of the trough on the upper charts, where the warm moist southwest current was strong and there existed a low-level jet stream and upper-level temperature increases apparently; there were an inversion layer between 850 hPa and surface, an ice-crystal layer with temperature being about-10 ℃ to-14 ℃ between 700 hPa and 500 hPa, a warm-layer with the thickness and bottom height being about 1 to 2 km and the temperature being about 0 ℃ to 2 ℃ near the 850 hPa, and a cold-layer with a temperature of about 0 ℃ to -2 ℃ from the surface to the height of 1 to 2 km. By means of objective analysis products, a diagnostic analysis was made of the typical freezing rain from December 13 to 14 in 2002, and some useful hints were concluded, which can be used for references for forecasting freezing rains.
出处
《气象科技》
北大核心
2004年第6期456-460,共5页
Meteorological Science and Technology
