摘要
目的:了解国内眼外伤的发病情况及其流行病学特征。方法:对近20a来国内重点期刊上发表的眼外伤文献资料进行整理和分析。结果:眼外伤约占眼科住院总人数1/3,是眼科住院患者中首位致盲原因。男女比例大约为2.75～10.3∶1,左右眼之间无明显差异。发病年龄以儿童(7～14岁)和青壮年(18～45岁)居多。职业中主要以工人和农民为主,其次是学生和学龄前儿童。致伤环境主要在工农业生产中、家庭生活和公共场所等。眼外伤类型以眼球穿通伤和眼球钝挫伤为主,其次为爆炸伤和化学伤。治疗后致盲率为12.7%～62.5%,眼球摘除率1.7%～13.3%。儿童眼外伤有独自的特点。结论:眼外伤是眼科常见眼病,在我国北方与南方地区之间在发病上无明显差异,但不同地区有各自的特点。绝大多数眼外伤是可以预防的。
AIM: To investigate the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of eye injuries in mainland of China. · Methods: The documents of eye injuries which were published in major journals in the last twenty years were reviewed and analyzed. · Results: One-third of the patients hospitalized in department of ophthalmolog y suffering from ocular trauma, which is the leading cause of visual loss in Chi na. The ratio is 2.75-10.3:1 between male and female, and there is no significan t difference between right and left eyes. Ages of the patients with eye trauma r ange mainly from 7 to 14 or 18 to 45 years old .The top two listed in occupation are worker and farmer, followed by students and preschool children. Eye injury often happens under the circumstances of industrial and agricultural production, home, public places, etc. The main types of eye injuries are penetrating and bl unt injuries, followed by explosive and chemical injuries. The rate of blindness after treatment is 12.7%-62.5%, and the rate of enucleation is 1.7%-13.3%. The features are unique in eye injuries of children and young adults. · Conclusion: Ocular trauma is a common disease. There is no obvious difference in the incidence between the South and North of China although there are differ ent characteristics in different areas. Most of the eye traumas are preventable. ·
出处
《国际眼科杂志》
CAS
2004年第6期1069-1076,共8页
International Eye Science
