摘要
选择长白山典型林区 1985年、1999年两期遥感图像数据 ,在监督分类的基础上 ,结合该地区森林经营历史资料 ,基于采伐迹地的空间位置、形状、面积、采伐方式等 ,从森林采伐及其造成的生态后果的角度 ,对森林资源的变化及利用状况进行了评价。研究结果表明 :2 0世纪 80年代中期以前 ,研究区对森林资源的利用强度很大 ,伐区布局不够合理 ,至 90年代末利用强度有所减弱 ,伐区布局趋向合理。从两个时期采伐方式来看 ,单个采伐地块的面积有许多地块明显超过采伐规程所规定的面积上限 ,而保留森林地块的面积基本都小于邻近采伐地块的面积 ,不符合采伐规程的“等面积”要求 ;从采伐地块的空间分布来看 ,由于森林采伐、更新过程中缺乏生态学 ,特别是景观生态学原理的指导 ,大多数采伐地块连为一整片 ,孤立了保留的森林地块 ,完整的原始林分被严重破碎化 ,间隔带状皆伐却造成了和大面积皆伐同样的后果。 15 a间研究区地物覆盖类型发生很大变化 ,其主要原因是森林采伐造成的。基于研究结果 ,指出了当地森林经营策略存在的问题及改进方法 。
The research chose a typical forest region,Lushuihe Forestry Bureau,in Changbai mountainous to evaluate forest resource changes and utilization. The average slope of the region was within 10。,and altitude of most parts of the region ranges from 400 to 900m. So the study area is suitable for forest management. Remote sensed data of the study area in 1985 and 1999 were classified in a supervised way. Land covers of the study area were classified into seven classes: namely, water body, residence, stumpland, farmland, conifer forest, broadleaf forest and man-made young forest. The evaluation mainly relied on stumpland in the corresponding image data,because stumpland as the results of human activities remained for a long time and could be easily recognized from the RS image. Although man-made young forest was also the result of human activity, its border features were not obvious in the RS image and might be planted in other bare hills, so they could not fully reflect utilization conditions of forest resources exactly. Spatial distribution, shape, size, pattern of stumpland in the two images, together with forest management history and the ecological consequences of cutting, were used to evaluate forest resources utilization and changes during the periods. The results showed that: (1) many individual fell patches were larger than the stipulated ones; (2) most remnant forest patches were smaller than fell patches in the neighborhood and broke the equal area principle of cutting regulation; (3) for lack of the principle of ecology, especially landscape ecology, guided deforestation,primeval forest was more frailer than before. A lot of stumplands connected with each other to form much larger areas of naked land, and left many isolated forest islands, so strip cutting had the same effect as large area of full cutting;4)deforestation intensity in the late 1990s was much less than in the middle 1980s and cutting design was relatively rational;(5) Deforestation was the main force to cause land covers changes.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第12期2940-2944,i023,共6页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
中国科学院知识创新重要方向资助项目 ( KZCX2 -SW-3 2 0 -3)~~
关键词
森林资源变化
森林资源利用
遥感
采伐迹地
forest resources change
forest resources utilization
RS
stumpland
