摘要
罂粟科有38属约700种,作者通过对科内各属的研究,根据其主要器官(雌蕊、雄蕊,花被、果和种子)的进化趋势,重新排列科内的分类系统,在3个亚科下,包括8个亚族。在此基础上,讨论各属可能的演化关系,分析它们的分布规律,最后探讨本科的起源。
Papaveraceae is a more primitive family in the midst of angiosperm on the system, and a typical family in the north temperate zone on the floristic geography. There are 38 genera about 700 species in total.
According to the evolutionary tendency of the main organs (gynoecium, androecium, perianth, fruit and seed), the taxonomic system of under family was recombined. They are divided into 3 subfamilies and 8 tribes.
Based upon this taxonomic system, the evolutionary relationship and the geographical distribution of verious taxa were discussed. In Papaveroideae, the most primitive tribe is Platystemoneae, which is concentrated in the Pacific coast of North America, and Bocconieae is group of specialization. This subfamily distributed chiefly in the north temperate zone , being a region between 23 ° - 55 ° N. In Fumarioideae, Dicentreae is the most primitive one, and Fumarieae is the most advanced group. This subfamily spread all over the north temperate zone, being a region between 22 °-60 ° N. As regards the whole family, the species of North America belong to more primitive group in the evolutionary system, where they formed an ancient distribution centre. In the Mediterranean area, there are some more advanced genus, where, they formed another distribution centre, and Himalayas area is differentiation centre of advanced group.
The most primitive genus in this family is Platystemon, which has an important characteristic of 6 or more carpels united incompletely and separation in maturity. This show, its primitive nature and the contact with Ranunculales. As far as the distribution pattern of the most primitivetribe is concerned, they originated probably in the west coast of the ancient Mediterranean with a dry tropical climate before the Cretaceous period, and at that time, they had partaken to composed of northern Mexico and California floristics, this one can be pointed by pattern of modern distribution of Argemone. The occurrence of some primitive group had pointed that the early differentiation of the family begun probably in the ancient Mediterranean coast before the Cretaceous period, the distribution of Papaver is an example, especially its delegate of beyond distributive region. Three endemic genera in the Cape region originated in coast of the ancient Mediterranean as where members and had spreaded all over probably the continent of Africa, it proveded proof for this so far their near relative genera have to distributed in southwestern and eastern Africa yet, they are relict members of ancient floristics, and members of Angarida.
出处
《云南植物研究》
CSCD
1993年第2期137-148,共12页
Acta Botanica Yunnanica
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目
关键词
罂粟科
分类
进化
分布
起源
Papaveraceae
System
Evolution
Distribution
Origin
