摘要
本文从述结式如何对其构成成分的论元进行选择、述语动词和补语动词的论元如何提升为整个述结式的论元两个角度,来分析述结式的配价结构。首先通过实例分析,指出述结式的配价跟其构成成分的配价之间没有直接的对应和折算关系;接着分析造成上述不对应现象的原因,着重讨论了述结式论元整合的三种类型:并价、消价、共价;然后考察述结式论元整合的三种结果:等价、减价、增价,指出述结式的价不等于其述语动词和补语动词的价之和减去共价和消价数,以此说明自底向上的还原分析法的不足;通过引入述结式表示的使动关系的层级(内部使动关系和外部使动关系)、述结式的论元指称(施受同指和施受异指)等概念,来建立一套自顶向下的述结式的论元准入规则,以概括述结式怎样对其述语动词和补语动词原有的论元作出选择;最后根据这套论元准入规则,对各种类型的述结式的配价构成进行分析,以检验这套规则的解释能力。
This paper discusses the valence structure of verb-resuhative constructions(VR)in Mandarin Chinese from two dimensions:(i)VR's selection of arguments from its constituents,i.e.,pred- icate verb(PV)and resuhative verb(RV),and(ii)elevation of arguments of PV and RV to VR.First,the paper argues that there is not direct correspondence or conversion relation between VR and its constituents with respect to valence number,and it further analyzes the reach why there is such an inconsistency.It then discusses three types of argument integration of VR,and three corresponding results.Based on the fact that the valence of VR cannot be calculated from its constituents,it claims that the method of bottom-up analysis has almost no place to display its prowess in analyzing the valence of VR.Secondly,it attempts a top-down method to analyze the valence of VR.By discussing two types of causative relations expressed by VR and two types of references of VR's arguments,it constructs a set of license regulations on the elevation of the ar- guments of PV and RV to VR.Finally,it analyses the valence structure of various types of VR in order to test their power of prediction.
出处
《中国语文》
CSSCI
北大核心
2001年第5期399-410,共12页
Studies of the Chinese Language
关键词
论元
配价
述语
补语
动词
构成成分
对应
应和
直接
解释
verb-resultative construction
valence
argument integration
causative relation
license regulation
