摘要
在群落调查的基础上,对湖南八大公山亮叶水青冈林的植物区系进行了较深入的分析,计有记名种子植物共83科165属269种。对其属的分布型进行统计,共有温带属106属(占64.0%),热带属52属(占31.6%),表现出群落区系的温带性较强;对种的分布型进行统计,共有东亚种57种(占21.2%),中国特有种197种(占73.2%)。其中华中特有种77种(占28.6%)。根据林地植物种的存在度、多盖度和群集度,结合区系的特有性,确定了亮叶水青冈等15个特征种。研究认为,八大公山亮叶水青冈林,是华中区特有的顶极群落,富有中国和东亚区系成分,华中特有种集中,是华中区最有典型代表性的群落和区系。它与欧洲和北美的水青冈林有着共同的起源。但其保留的古老残遗植物则更为丰富。
A deeper analysis of the flora of Fagus lucida forests in the Badagong Mountains of Hunan Province has been conducted on the basis of investigation of community plots. 269 species of seed plants belonging to 165 genera of 83 families are recorded. Among the composed families, 25 genera (making up 30.1% of the total genera) are of temperate distribution, 22 genera (26.5%) are of tropical distribution, and 18 genera (21.7%) are of temperate-tropic distribution. In addition, there remain 15 genera (18.0%) which are cospopolitan, and 3 families which are endemic to China, i.e. Davidiaceae, Bretschneideraceae, and Tetracentraceae (paraendemic). Secondly, among the composed genera, 106 genera (making up 64.0% of the total genera) belong to temperate, and 52 genera(31.6%) belong to tropic. Thus, temperate characteristics are more remarkable in this forest-flora, especially in the tree layer. In all temperate elements, such as North Temperate, E. Asia, E. Asia-N. America are the major ones. In addition to those, there are 8 genera endemic to China, of which 3 genera are endemic to central China. Thirdly, the results of statistics of species-area show that 57 species (making up 21.2% of the total species) belong to E. Asia, and 197 species(72.2%) are endemic to Chi- na, of which 77 species are endemic to central China. Moreover, three major types of communities (formation or formation section) and various secondary types of communities (association or association section) can be classified based on different co-dominant tree species and different dominant species in shrub and herb layers. Meanwhile, 15 characteristic species of F. lucida are determined based upon the presence, the cover-abundance, and the sociability of composed species in different communities, such as F. lucida, Cyclobalanopsis multinervis, Betula insignis, and Sinarudinaria wilsonii. As mentioned above, we can conclude that F. lucida forests are the representative communityes and flora of central China. Finally, the results also show that F. lucida forests may be an ancient community which has grown here for several millions of years since Early Tertiary, and these forests of E. Asia, as well as others in Europe and N. America may have a common origin; however, there are more ancient, relic and endemic elements in central China, and it may be assumed that F. lucida forests in central China are the original.
出处
《中南林学院学报》
CSCD
1993年第1期8-16,共9页
Journal of Central South Forestry University
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
八大公山
水青冈
植物区系
Badagong Mountains, Fagus lucida forest, flora, community type
