摘要
本文统计了1942～1989年期间的太阳质子耀斑活动区及其喷射的高能质子流量∑PF_■10Mev)(p·cm^(-2)·s^(-1)·s_r^(-1))的日面分布,发现: 1.质子耀斑分布在日面西半球的概率比东半球高出0.28;北半球比南半球高出0.24,出现在西北象限的质子耀斑占总数的39％。 2.与质子耀斑西多东少的特点相反,高能质子流量PF的分布出现东强西弱现象。其中东南象限的PF之和∑PF_■及事件平均值FS,分别比其它象限高2.51和3.34倍,但在日面西部的W_(60°-30°)区出现一个仅次于E_0·_(-30)·的PF分布次峰。 3.地球附近卫星接受到的质子流量极大对软X射线(SXR)极大的时延△t(分),与日面经度θ(从W_(90)·起算)之间有十分良好的指数函数△t(分)=ae^(bθ)的拟合关系,其中a=4.27×10~2,b=1、33×10^(-2)。相关系数r达0.98,拟合精度为14％。对上述不对称分布引起的原因和对质子事件预报中的应用,文中作了讨论。
We have analyzed the distributions of proton flare active regions on the solar disc and the integrated fluxes ■PF_1(p· cm^(-2)·s^(-1) · s_r^(-1)) for protons of energy (≧ 10Mev) ejected during 1942-1989. The main results are as follows: 1. Probability of the occurence of proton flares on the western hemisphere is 0.28 higher than that on the eastern one, and the one on the northern hemisphere is 0.24 higher than that on the southern one. 39%of the all proton flares occured in the W-N quadrant during this period. 2. On the contrary, energetic proton fluxes ■PF_1 in E-S quadrant and their mean values of individual event are, respectively 251% and 334% higher than in W-N one. But there is the second active region for proton production in W_(60°-30°). 3. Delay △t between the maximum times of proton fluxes and soft X-ray emissions increases systematically as the solar longitude θ (measured from W_(90°)). There is a good exponential fit between At and θ, △t = ae^(bθ), where a = 4.27×10~2, b=1.33×10^(-2). Its correlation coefficient r = 0.98 and the fit accuracy is 14%. These asymmetries and their apphcation to the prediction of solar proton events are also discussed in this paper.
