摘要
根据 FAO 提出的试验性的温室白粉虱成虫测定抗药性的方法,我们测定了温室或田间的白粉虱成虫经1992年和1993年用4种药剂每年各测定3次 LC_(50)(μg·g^(-1)),差异都不显著,其平均值溴氰菊酯分别为185.50和98.54,氰戊菊酯为1154.06和782.41,乐果为1649.55和1461.08以及优乐得为947.44和1666.59;与1984年的抗性比,1992年溴氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、乐果分别为28.44,29.72,1.24;而1993年则为15.11,20.15和1.10,趋势稳定一致。而以1龄若虫为试虫1993年测定 LC_(50)(μg·g^(-1))的结果与1984年比较,其抗性比溴氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、乐果分别为87.30,504.44和0.25。如以1993年成虫与1龄若虫的 LC_(50)进行比较,溴氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、乐果和优乐得分别为5.64,2.13,62.06和20 858.44。这些结果说明成虫的抗性比虽不如1龄若虫大,但趋势基本上是一致的,既使是生长调节剂优乐得,也能获得满意的结果,充分证实温室白粉虱抗药性监测完全可用成虫替代时间长而烦锁的1龄若虫。最后提出成虫测定过程中应注意的事项。
According to the tentation method for detecting resistance in adult whitefly suggested by FAO,four insecticides were used in Beijing from 1992 to 1993.The adults of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum(Westwood),were directly collected from greenhouse or field on tomato in Beijing northwestern suburbs.The Toxicitys of each insecticide were tested three times in one year.The results showed that LC_(50)(μg·g^(-1))of deltamethrin was 152,23～229,29 and 69.46～121.83;fenvalerate 976.95～1252.89 and 694.96～873.66,dimethoate 1,417.71～1,799.04 and 1,348.99～1,532,32,and buprofezin 703.22～1113.94 and 1,566.07～1770.60 in 1992 and 1993 respectively,There was not signifi- cantly different between LC_(50)of each insecticide in the same year.The averages of LC_(50)were compared with 1983;the resistance ratios(RR)of deltamethrin,fenvalerate,dimethoate were 28.44,29.72,1.24 in 1992 and 15.11,20.15,1.10 in 1993 respectively.When compared the LC_(50)of each insecticide hetween 1993 and 1992,the RRs of deltamethrin,fenvalerate,dimethoate,and buprofezin were 0.53,0.68,0.89 and 1.76 resp.,the former three insecticides were slightly decreased,and the latter increased,but the dif- ferences were less than 1—fold.Whereas the LC_(50)of lst instar in 1993 was compared with 1984,the RRs of deltamethrin,fenvalerate and dimethoate were 87.30,504.44 and 0.25 resp.,although RR of adult was less than lst instar in the same population,the resistant tendencies were fairly consistent.All of the results and the previous paper clearly showed that leaf dip assay for lst instar can he instead of by a simple and rapid adult spray method for monitoring insecticide resistance,eren though the insect growth regula- tion,buprofezin.Compared LC_(50)of adult with lst instar in 1993,the RRs of deltamethrin,fenvalerate, dimethoate and buprofezin were 5.64,2.13,62.06 and 20858.44 resp.,the value of the two pyrethroids was only 2.13～5.64-fold(but to the susceptible colony was 29.2～53.4-fold in 1984),while the bupro- fezin was about twenty thousand-fold.Caution of the adult spray procedure was discussed.
关键词
温室
白粉虱
抗药性
监测方法
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
insecticide resistance
monitoring metbod
