摘要
在新疆天山北部的荒漠内，很多大沙鼠Ｒｈｏｍｂｏｍｙｓｏｐｉｍｕｓ的耳皮下组织内有利什曼原虫的感染。有的地方，鼠的感染率可达１００％（ＮＮＮ基培养法），已鉴定的原虫有都兰利什曼Ｌｅｉｓｈｍａ－ｎｉａｔｕｒａｎｉｃａ和沙鼠利什曼Ｌ．ｇｅｒｂｉｌｌｉ两种。大沙鼠洞是多种白蛉的栖息和吸血的场所，洞内的优势蛉种为蒙古白蛉ｐｈｌｅｂｏｔｏｍｕｓｍｏｎｇｏｌｅｎｓｉｓ和安氏白蛉Ｐｈ．ａｎｄｒｅｊｅｖｉ。调查表明，大沙鼠对生存环境有一定的选择性，它主要在沙质荒漠内挖洞栖息；荒漠植被（梭梭Ｈａｌｏｘｙｌｏｎｓｐ．、优若藜Ｅｕｒｏｔｉａｃｅｒａｔｏｉｄｅｓ和盐爪爪ｋａｌｉｄｉｕｍｓｐ．）─—大沙鼠─—白蛉——利什曼原虫是在一定的自然区域内相互联系又相互影响的生物群落，它们与土壤等无机环境共同组成一个生态系统。掌握了这一特点，对于调查以上两种利什曼原虫的地理分布，具有重要意义。
t has been indicated that natural infection of leishmanial parasite is quite common in great gerbil,Rhom-bomys opimus,in the desert area in north Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Up to the present,two species of Leishmania,L. turanica and L gerbilli,have been found in great gerbil s ear tissue. In some areas,the infec-tion rate of gerbil is up to l00%by NNN medium culture method. The main vectors of these two leishmanial parasites are Phlebotomus mongolensis and Ph. andrejevi which belong to Subgenus Paraphlebotomus.Gerbil’s burrow is the main feeding and resting places of these two species of sandflies.The living environment of great gerbil iS related to the nutritional,requirements(some plants ) and soil constitution. They favour living in sandy desert areas with several kinds of plants,such as,Haloxylon sp. ,Eu-rotia ceratoides and Kalidium sp. The plants great gerbil sandfly leishmanial parasite coexist in a specific geographical environment,and form a interrelated and interacting biotic community. Such biotic community incombination with inorganic world(soil etc. )form an ecosystem. The discovery of this characteristic is of im-portance for further investigation of the distribution of great gerbil and it’s Leishmania infection in north Xin-Jiang。
出处
《地方病通报》
1994年第4期7-10,共4页
Endemic Diseases Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
大沙鼠
环境
利什曼原虫
白蛉
新疆
Great gerbil
Environment
Leishmanial parasite
Sandfly
Xinjiang , ChinaThe project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
