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论我国石油工业的投资与发展 被引量:2

On the Investment and Development of China's Petroleum Industry
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摘要 我国石油工业正面临着严峻的挑战:勘探投资不足,储采比下降,资源接替日趋紧张;生产难度加大,成本急剧上升;资金来源减少,维持简单再生产困难大;债务负担沉重,建设资金严重短缺。摆脱目前困境的唯一途径,就是政企分开,转换经营机制,全面走向国际国内市场,严格遵循市场经济规律,以经济效益为中心。为此,石油工业应尽快进行深化改革:①实行勘探开发招标,投标风险管理,加快国际风险勘探和合作开发的步伐。②在政策允许下,多方案筹集资金,筹资渠道有:增加国家资金投入,提高石油工业投资在全社会固定资产投资中的比重;建立石油勘探开发基金;广泛吸收、利用社会闲散资金;积极利用外资。③逐步理顺原油价格,加快原油价格并轨。④提高经营管理水平,走国际化经营的道路。 China's petroleum industry is currently facing several severe problems. The reserve-production ratio is declining and resource replacement is increasingly tight due to insufficient exploration investment; difficulties in production are resulting in sharply rising production costs; simple replacement is becoming difficult to maintain due to reduction of capital sources, and construction capital is extremely scarce due to a heavy debt burden. The only way to solve these difficulties is to separate enterprises from government, transform enterprise operating mechanisms, fully participate in the international and domestic market, and strictly abide by the principle of the market economy , concentrating on economic benefits. Accordingly, China should carry out reforms in the petroleum industry as quickly as possible, inviting tenders for exploration development and submitting bids for risk management in order to speed up international risk exploration and joint development, and under the allowances of policy raising capital from as many sources as possible. Methods of raising money include 1) increasing the state and the petroleum industry's proportion of total social fixed assets investment; 2) establishment of a petroleum exploration and development fund; 3) extensive utilization of idle social capital; 4) active utilization of foreign capital; 5) gradual increase in the price of crude oil and reform of the double-tier oil price system; and 6) improvement of economic management in order to pave the way for international operations.
作者 张春娣
出处 《国际石油经济》 1994年第6期17-20,共4页 International Petroleum Economics
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