摘要
通过分析中国主要４个方面环境问题：（１）城市环境污染严重，工业废气、废水、固体废物和生活垃圾排放量越来越大；（２）农业环境形势严峻，受乡镇企业“三废”物质、农药、化肥污染的农田已达１０００万公顷，每年损失粮食为１２０×１０８ｋｇ；（３）人均耕地日趋减少，现我国人均耕地不到１．３亩，排在世界许多国家之后；（４）自然生态状况恶化．全国水土流失面积扩大，森林资源消耗量超过生长量１×１０８ｍ３，草原退化、沙化、盐碱化呈发展趋势．为此，提出了治理对策：（１）加强环境保护执法，通过强化管理，控制环境污染；（２）加强环保人才培养，壮大环保部门力量；（３）加强自然生态保护，恢复森林、草原生态良性循环；（４）加强城乡生态建设．防治城市污染，大搞生态农业．
There are four main environmental problems as follows:(Ⅰ)T he serious pollution of urban environment.The industrial waste gas.was ie water.soild waste and life refuseare increasing more and more;(Ⅱ)The serious agricultural environment situation.The field which are polluted by'three--wastes' .pesticide and chemical fertilizers have increased up to ten million hectare and these have made a loss of one hundred and twenty billion kilograms of grain every year I(Ⅲ)The gradully reduction of average cultivated land per person.The cultivated land of our country per person is less than 1.3 mu,which is ranking behind many other countries;(Ⅳ)The deteriorated nature ecolosical situation.The water loss and soil erosion area of the country have enlarged.The depletion of forest resource has one billion cubic metre more than the growth amount.The steppe degradation.desertification and salinization trends are developing.The countermeasures for these problems are as follow:(Ⅰ)To enhance law enforcement for environmental protection and to control the environmental pollution throughadministration strengthen;(Ⅱ)To enhance the educat ion of specialists on environmental protection so as to strengthen the department for environmetnal protection I(Ⅲ)To enhance the ecological protection of nature and to restore the natural cycle of forest and steppe eclolgical systemm;(Ⅳ)To enhance the urban and rural ecological construction to prevent and cure the urban pollutions,and to develop the eec-agriculture.
出处
《湖北大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
1994年第3期324-328,共5页
Journal of Hubei University：Natural Science
关键词
生态环境
污染
水土流失
治理
Eec─environmental
Pollution
waterloss and soil erosion
Treatment
