摘要
从开放和相互依存的角度分析了责任政府的定义、责任的来源、责任履行的要素以及失职带来的后果。政府责任是国家职能的具体化。在现代民主政治中,民主授权和行政授权是政府责任的来源。而民主授权是权力的根本来源。随着全球化进程的推进,政府不仅要承担传统意义上的国内管理职能,还要承担国际义务。对于中国政府来说,责任的履行必须放在制度转型背景下考虑,处理好改革、发展和稳定是政府的核心责任。政府责任是由责任主体、责任客体(或责任对象)、责任实现形式以及责任实现的约束机制诸要素组成的,因此政府失职是这些要素间关系的失衡。要使政府责任得到有效履行,必须强化民主选举制度、明确政府内部各部门责权、扩大公民参与、完善监督机制,还要提高官员能力,树立公共责任意识和精神。从长远来看,建立一种公共责任文化更具有持久性。
Definition, origins, factors,failures and their consequences of governmental accountability are analyzed in a perspective of openness and interdependence. Accountability is a form to exercise state's functions. In modern democracy, while democratic mandate and administrative delegate are two origins of accountability for governments, the former is more basic. With the advance of globalization, governments not only administer domestic affairs in the traditional sense, but also carry on international obligations. As for Chinese government, accountability should be considered against the backdrop of institutional transition. Therefore, dealing with the relationship among reform, development and stability is a key responsibility. Accountability consists of subject, objects, forms and constraining mechanisms. Hence, failure of accountability results from the imbalance of all these factors. In order to make governments accountable, it is necessary to strengthen competitive election, define clearly powers and responsibilities of governmental branches, encourage civic engagement, improve supervision system, and train officials to make them more capable and conscious of public responsibility. In the long run, constructing a culture of public accountability will exert long effect.
出处
《公共管理学报》
2005年第1期10-17,共8页
Journal of Public Management
