摘要
目的 了解广东省居民膳食营养状况 ,为营养改善工作提供科学依据。方法 运用多阶段整群随机抽样方法 ,抽取广东省大城市、中小城市、2类农村各 3个区 (县 ) ,1类农村 4个县 ,每个县 (区 )抽取 3个街道 (乡 )、6个居委。其中膳食共调查城乡居民 2 393户、770 8人 ,用称重法获得每个家庭的调味品的消费量 ,连续 3d 2 4h回顾法获得每个调查对象各类食物的进食量 ;测量每个调查对象的身高、体重 ;血红蛋白测定共调查 2 4 0 5 1人 ,用氰化高铁法测量。结果 每标准人日摄入能量10 2 12 2kJ,占RNIs的 10 1 8% ,城乡分别为 10 80 5 3kJ、9778 7kJ,占RNIs的 10 7 7%、97 5 % ;蛋白质、脂肪摄入量分别为 86 1g、83 9g ,提供能量的比例分别为 14 1%和 31 0 %。视黄醇、核黄素和硫胺素摄入量分别为 6 6 1 9μgRE、0 9mg、1 1mg,分别占RNIs的 82 7%、6 8 8%和 6 9 2 %。钙、铁、钠摄入量分别为 4 92 6mg、2 3 1mg和 5 814 5mg,分别为RNIs的 6 1 6 %、132 0 %和 2 6 4 3%。动物性食物提供的蛋白质占 4 5 2 % ,城市与农村分别占 5 3 1%和 37 7%。脂肪中动物性脂肪占 5 3 2 % ,城市、农村分别占 4 7 5 %、5 8 1%。 6岁以下儿童共调查 35 6 9人 ,消瘦、肥胖、低体重和生长发育迟缓的患病率分别为 2 5 %。
Objective To understand the dietary and nutritional status of residents in Guangdong and provide basic information for nutrition improvement. Methods 2 393 households included 7 708 residents were selected from Guangdong province through four-stage randomized cluster sampling. The household condiments data collected by weighting method, individual intakes by 24-hour recalls and body weight and height by physical examination. Body hemoglobin measured by cyanmethemoglobin method. Results The average of daily energy intake was 10 212.2 kJ (urban 10 805.3 kJ,rural 9 778.7 kJ), accounted for 101.8% of the Chinese Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) and protein was 86.1 g and fat was 83.9g provided 14.1% and 31.0% of energy respectively. The average intake of retinol, riboflavine, thiamine, calcium, iron, sodium were 661.9 μgRE, 0.9mg and 1.1 mg, 492.6 mg, 23.1 mg and 5 814.5 mg respectively. Animal food provided 45.2% of protein (urban 53.1%, rural 37.7%). Animal fat accounted for 53.2% of dietary fat (urban 47.5%, rural 58.1%). The proportion of thin, obesity, underweight and development retardation in children under 6 were 2.5%, 3.7%, 11.2% and 14.5% respectively (0.7%, 5.2%, 2.6% and 4.0% in urban area and 4.8%, 1.8%, 22.0% and 27.9% in rural area). The proportion malnutrition and overweight in adult were 13.3% and 18.6%. The proportion of anemia was 14.2% (10.0% for male and 16.7% for female) and highest one was in lactating and pregnant women (34.4% and 55.2%). Conclusion The intake of energy, protein and fat was sufficient, but the intake of retinol, riboflavine, thiamine and calcium was insufficient. The fat energy was higher than the WHO standard. The general dietary and nutrition status have improved greatly in Guangdong, but for special populations, such as rural population, children and adolescent, lactating and pregnant women still have a lot of room to improve. On the other hand, it's important to implement health promotion program to prevent overnutrition-related diseases in urban population.
出处
《华南预防医学》
2005年第1期1-5,共5页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
广东省科技计划项目 (2 0 0 2C3 2 70 9)
关键词
膳食调查
营养状况
贫血
Diet surveys
Nutritional status
Anemia
