摘要
印度对华建交之初实行两面政策,使中国在争取友好时便预有警惕。西藏叛乱发生后,中国对印度的反华浪潮适当反驳却力避军事冲突。针对印度武力改变边界现状,中国采取反击,随后迅速撤回以求得缓和。中苏两国由友好转入严重对立,历史遗留的边界问题便激化起来。“文化大革命”期间边界棍棒武斗冲突演变成边界战斗。中苏边界军事对峙处于危机关头,虽实行了和缓措施,两国却陷入长期临战状态。历史证明:在承认实际控制线的基础上以谈判划界的方针是解决边界问题的正确途径;对危机的处理应由经验决策转为建立有效的机制;应肯定解放后控制危机升级的成功,同时也要从中总结经验教训。
When China and India established diplomatic relations, India adopted its two-front policy, which resulted in China both seeking friendly ties and remaining alert. After the Tibetan revolt, China properly condemned and rebutted India' s anti - China wave and tried its best to avoid military confrontation. China applied military force to counterattack India' s hostile action to change the status quo on the Sino - Indian border, and withdrew its army as quickly as possible for the sake of peace. Sino - Soviet relations changed from being friendly to being sharply hostile, thus intensifying the historical border conflict. During the Cultural Revolution, the border conflict evolved into a border war. There was imminent danger of military confrontation along the Sino-Soviet border. Although both sides took conciliatory steps, they eventually became entrapped in a long - term state of approaching war. History has shown that the proper way of dealing with border conflicts is to negotiate based on acknowledgement of the status quo; an effective mechanism should be established to cope with the crisis instead of relying on experience and convention. Although we affirm the success of China since liberation in preventing the escalation of crises, some lessons should be drawn from these experiences.
出处
《世界经济与政治》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第3期16-21,共6页
World Economics and Politics
