摘要
已知电离射线如X射线等对生物有强烈的诱变作用[4]。X射线和Y射线对海带雌配子体的效应已有初步观察[1-3]。过去用于海带实验的是雌雄配子体混合在一起的材料，如果发生突变，不易观察到，这是因为受精后是二倍体。这里我们对能行孤雌生殖的纯系海带的雌配子体进行了实验。
Three lines of female gametophytes of Laminaria japonica were X-radiated to see how they would respond. The X-radiated materials were cultured in the laboratory. In. two weeks it was observed that the lower doses of 100R and 500R showed stimulating effect on the female gametophytes which became mature more quickly than the control; the higher doses of 1000R, 2000R and 3000R would delay the maturation and show some killing effect; and the doses 4000R and 5000R would kill most of the gametophytes.Different lines of the ganetophytes behaved somewhat differently. The stimulating effect was most obvious in the breed '860', and least obvious in the clone 'A10'. This difference in response was considered to be mainly due to the different physiological state among the three lines. '860' consisted of female and male gametophytes, they being easily mature. 'A1' consisted of newly formed female gametophytes but no male ones in the same culture. These female gametophytes would mature slowly. 'A10' consisted of cloning cells already lived for 4 years. As a rule, they were not easily mature.In the experiment various abnormal shapes of the female gametophytes and sporophytes were observed, especialy in higher-doses X-radiated groups. The degree of abnormality appeared almost proportional to the dose of X rays used. It was not known whether the abnormality was due to mutation or physiological damages done by the radiation.
