摘要
本文根据渤海对虾标志放流与重捕资料、渤海大面水文调查资料、渔场统计资料以及幼虾相对数量试捕资料,对渤海对虾的洄游、分布和中心渔场的位置进行了研究。根据上述资料分析表明:每年6、7月份,幼对虾在渤海各海湾及河口水深10米以内的咸淡水交汇处生活;8月上旬至9月下旬由“低盐高温”区(盐度为22—28‰,水温为26-28℃)游向渤海中部东侧或辽东湾中部的“高盐低温”区(盐度为30-31‰,水温为20—23℃)索饵;9月下旬之后,因季风影响浅水区水温下降,原冷水团所在的深水区反而成为相对的高温区,对虾集中于“相对高温区”中。中心渔场位置及其稳定程度取决于底层水温、盐度分布及它们的稳定状况。渤海对虾具有趋向于底层水温20℃和盐度30.5‰的习性。
The base-line data of the tagging-and-recapture prawns, the statistics from fishing grounds, the relative amounts of catching young prawns experimentally in the three bays of the Bohai Sea (Bohai, Laizhou and Liaodong) and hydrologic investigation in large areas were used to analyze the penaeus prawn's regular migration and distribution in the three bays and other fishing groungs as well as the forming of the central fishing grounds. The results are as follows:1. According to the data of the tagging-and-recapture prawns in the autumn fishing, the prawns migratory speed and recapture rate in each life is ascertained.2. According to the annual change of the prawn shoal density in the distributive maps charted by the telegraphic records in the autumn fishing, it seemed that the prawn fishing grounds losely related to the cold water masses in September, and to deeper and relatively high temperature areas in October.3. Early in Autumn to the end of September of the young prawns in the three bays and the Laihe Estuarine migrated from the shallow waters of low salinity and high temperature (salinity 22—28‰ and bottom temperature 26—28℃)to the central-eastern Bohai Sea and central Liaodong Bay of high salinity and low temperature (salinity 30—31‰ and bottom temperature 20—23℃). It revealed that the site and stability of the central fishing ground and the density of the prawn shoals had a close relation to the distributive form of the isotherm (longitude or latitude) with botom temperature 20℃ and bottom salinity 30.5‰.4. The investigation data of the relative amounts of the young prawns in the bays during the past fifteen years showed that the prawn abundance in the Laizhou Bay and the Bohai Bay kept a higher level from 1972 to 1981, except 1976. That could be regarded as the basis of forming the fishing grounds in the sea of Yantai-Weihai from the last ten days of August to the first and second ten days of September, and in the Liaodong Bay from the last ten days of September to the first ten days of October.
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
1986年第2期125-136,共12页
Journal of Fisheries of China
关键词
渤海
对虾
洄游
分布
标志放流
中心渔场
Penaeus orientalis, Bo Hai Sea, Migration, Distribution
