摘要
用桔红色、体型粗短的荷包红鲤与青灰色、体型长的元江鲤杂交,正反交的 F_1皆呈青灰色,青灰色为显性,桔红色为隐性。F_1自交,体色分离,青灰色与桔红色之比为15:1。F_1与隐性亲本荷包红鲤回交,青灰色与桔红色之比为3:1,故认为鲤鱼体色性状由两对遗传因子控制。 F_1的体型介于双亲之间,但偏母本,故正反交F_1有差异。F_1自交,F_2体型分离,各种体型呈数量性状分布。体型无明显的显隐性关系,属多基因效应。 F_1的体型较似F_1的选择亲本,且齐性有提高。 F_1与亲本回交,子代偏向回交亲本:xF_1荷包红鲤回交,回交鲤较似荷包红鲤;F_1与元江鲤回交,回交鲤较似元江鲤。 鲤鱼的体型与体重有密切关系。体长、体高与体重呈显著正相关性。分析 F_2群体不同体型的鱼的体长、体高与体重的相关系数及其生长情况,结果表明以偏长型个体的生长、增重最快。 F_1 杂种优势显著,回交鲤较F_1又有显著提高,F_3选择效果良好。
Body colour and somatotype inheritance in Cyprinus carpio were studied withemphasis on somatotype.The body colour of the hybirds (F_1) of Cyprinus carpio var. Wuyuanesis with golden colour and stout body ×C. carpio yuankiang with grey colour and elongatebody. Despite of orthogonal or reciprocal the offspring was grey in colour so thatthe golden colour of the carp seems to be recessive to grey colour.The body colour of the second generation (F_2) from the F_1 internal recipocalcross differantiation appeared. The ratio of grey to golden colours 15: 1. In backcrosshybrids of F_1 and recessive parents, the ratio was 3: 1. So, we consider that body co-lour is controlled by two pair of genetic factors and it is non-sex-linkage inheritance.Somatotype of F_1 hybrids was between two parents and was slightly similar tomother, the orthogonal was different from reciprocal cross. Body form in F_2 genera-tions present extensive varieties (long-type, short--type and intermediate-type, etc.),therefore, it is considered that heredity of somatotype was a complex multigenic effect.Body form of the backcross hybrids inclines to their backcross's parents. Thebackcross hybrirds of F_1 and C. carpio var. Wuyuanensis were different very muchfrom the backcross hybrids of F_1 and C. carpio yuankiang.Body form and body weight has close relation, and it could be calculated. In F_2offspring of full-sib, coeffcient of correlation between body length (x) and bodyweight (z) was r_(xz)=0.69, and that of body height (y) and body weight was r_(yz)=0.74.In F_2 generation groups of different somatotype different growth speed reveal and thecoefficient of correlation was also different. The offspring with longer body grew fas-test and the body reaches to the biggest. The coefficient of correlation between bodylength and body weight was r_(xz)=0.90 and that of body hight and body weight wasr_(yz)=0.93.This article deals mainly with the selection of body form.
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
1983年第4期301-312,共12页
Journal of Fisheries of China
