摘要
生态博物馆是兴起于20世纪70年代的一种创新的文化景观保护与展示方式,其基本理念是以生态学为基础,以特定地域某一特定群体的全部文化内涵为展示内容。与传统博物馆相比,其最明显的创新在于,它以社区为基础,以就地保护的方式进行原生态状况下的"活态文化遗产"的保护和展示。中挪合作项目贵州梭嘎生态博物馆是中国和亚洲第一座生态博物馆,是以"长角苗"民族文化景观为特征,由12个相连的苗族山区村寨组成。馆区自开放以来已接待了大量的参观游览者,在充分发挥其良好的社会展示功能的同时,也获得了较好的经济效益。从梭嘎生态博物馆的建设与运行中,也发现了一些值得进一步探讨的问题,如展示与保护内容的界定问题、文化保护与旅游发展的关系处理问题、区内接待规模与环境容量的测定问题,等等。
Eco-museum, a concept that was firstly introduced in the 1970s, is an emerging apparatus for preserving ethnic groups' cultural heritages through living form of exhibition. The fundamental rationales of eco-museum lie in the theoretical foundation of ecology discipline. It is exercised through the display of a specific group's entire cultural attributes within a specific geographical location. Eco-museum is distinctively different from its conventional counterparts not only for its visual forms but also for its predominately community-based and locality-driven approach and for its abilities to preserve authenticity locally through a 'living' style of display. This paper is an exploratory study discussing the application of eco-museum in a Miao minority village in Suoga, Guizhou, China. It provides the background of the establishment of Suoga Eco-museum and identifies the opportunities and impacts that eco-museum presents to the minority villagers. It also examines problems associated with the development of an eco-museum: the search of local eco-museum definition, staged performance for tourism versus heritage preservation for sustainable development, and the adequate environmental capacity to accommodate tourist demands, and so on.
出处
《长江流域资源与环境》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第2期254-257,共4页
Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40171022)国家社会科学基金项目(03BZS035)湖南省教育厅重点项目(03A008)资助
