摘要
目的:了解近年来深圳市宝安区职业性三氯乙烯(trichloroethylene ,TCE)中毒发病和死亡情况,为三氯乙烯中毒预防和机理研究提供依据。方法:以1 993～2 0 0 3年诊断的三氯乙烯中毒病人为研究对象,分析患者年龄、性别、工龄、累积时间加权浓度、行业等构成特征。结果:TCE中毒病人共83例,其中1 4人死亡,病死率1 6.9%。TCE职业中毒病例临床表现有如下共同特征:1、发热;2、皮肤损害,以弥漫性斑丘疹最为常见,严重者发展为表皮坏死松解症;3、化学性肝脏损伤,主要表现为血清转氨酶等指标显著增高;4、潜伏期为3 0d左右;5、无明显的男女性别差异,无明显的年龄构成差异;6、有明确的接触TCE职业史,但无明显的剂量-反应关系;7、尿三氯乙酸与中毒无明确对应关系,中毒患者三氯乙酸浓度不一定超标,超标者也不一定有临床表现。结论:TCE引起的职业损伤是本区的主要危害因素之一,其所引起的病症与传统的毒理学描述不同。
Objective:To analyse the characteristic of occupational disease induced by trichloroethylene from 1993 to 2003 and provide basis for preventing and controlling of trichloroethylene occupational hazards in Baoan district.Methods:All patients of trichloroethylene occupational exposure diagnosed in last 11 years were chosen as studied objects.Then the suffering age distribution, sex constitution, trade distribution and dose-responsive relationship between time cumulative concentration and incidence were analyzed.Results:There were 83 occupational disease patients induced by trichloroethylene in last 11 years and 14 of them died.The fatality rate was 16.9%.There were common characteristic:1.Fever, 2.Skin diffus injure, 3.Chemical liver injure, 4.Incubation period was about 30 days, 5.There no significance in ages and sex, 6.There were specific occupational exposure history,7.Urine trichloroacetic acid was no specific diagnosis index.Conclusion:Occupational diseases by trichloroethylene were one of the main occupational hazards in Baoan district, the symptoms were different from traditional description in toxicology textbooks, pre-employee health examination and occupational screening should be key point objects for occupational prevention.
出处
《现代预防医学》
CAS
北大核心
2005年第4期378-380,共3页
Modern Preventive Medicine
基金
深圳市科技局立项 (2 0 0 40 41 97)
