摘要
红细胞生成素(erythmpoietin,EPO)是由肾脏产生的特异性刺激红细胞生成的造血生长因子。近年来的 研究发现EPO不仅仅只作用于造血系统,作为一种多功能的营养因子,它还对整个机体稳态的维持发挥作用。在 中枢神经系统和脑脊液中均发现有特殊的EPO及EPO受体系统,该系统独立于造血系统中的EPO及其受体系统 而存在。EPO在不同种类的神经损伤(如脑缺血、缺氧及蛛网膜下腔出血等)中具有神经营养和保护功能,重组人 红细胞生成素(recombinant human erythropoietin,rhEPO)疗法将很快用于临床实践去修复上述疾病引起的神经损 伤。
Erythropoietin ( EPO) is an acidic glycoprotein that was first detected as a hematopoietic factor and its synthesis is triggered in response to cellular hypoxia-sensing. EPO binds to type I cytokine receptors, which associate with the non-receptor tyrosine kinase Jak2, and thereby activate Stat 5a/5b, Ras/MAPK, and PD-K/Akt signaling pathways. The recent discovery shows that there is a specific EPO/EPO-receptor system in the central nervous system (CNS) , independently of the haematopoietic system. Hypoxia and anemia can up-regulate EPO/EPOR expressions in the CNS. Further studies demonstrate that EPO has substantial neuro-protective effects and acts as a neurotrophic factor on central cholinergic neurons, influencing their differentiation and regeneration. EPO also exerts neuro-protective activities in different models of brain damage in vivo and in vitro, such as hypoxia, cerebral ischaemia and sub-arachnoid haemorrhage. EPO may also be involved in synaptic plasticity via the inhibition or stimulation of various neurotransmitters. Therefore, human recombinant EPO that activate its receptors in the central nervous system might be utilized in the future clinical practice involving neuro-protection and brain repair.
出处
《中国实验血液学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2005年第2期332-337,共6页
Journal of Experimental Hematology
关键词
红细胞生成素
神经保护因子
神经营养因子
脑损伤
中枢神经系统
erythropoietin
neuro-protective factor
neuro-trophic factor
brain
brain injury
central nervous system
