摘要
目的 为了落实《幼儿园教育指导纲要》精神,了解天津市目前在园幼儿单纯性肥胖发生率,找到幼儿园集体干预肥胖的有效途径和方法。方法 首先,将市内6区幼儿园分为4类,对入园在册的1 5～6岁范围内幼儿,采用分层随机抽样法,抽出共计11180名幼儿。利用世界卫生组织推荐的体质指数法,根据0～6岁的标准进行筛查,检测出超重及不同肥胖程度的幼儿10 86名。在此基础上,再随机抽出9所实验幼儿园,对超重幼儿10 4人(男5 6人,女4 8人)、肥胖幼儿99人(男71人,女2 8人)的家长(183人)及教师(14 5人)进行问卷调查。结果 天津市内6区入园在册幼儿,超重率为5 .5 %～6.3% ,肥胖率为3.4 %～4.2 % ,不合格率(超重+肥胖)为9.1%～10. 3%。男童的肥胖率为4.8% ;女童的肥胖率为2 .7%。经统计学检验,男女幼儿肥胖率及不合格率呈显著性差异。结论 家长营养科学知识不足,传统的错误育儿观念、不良的家庭生活方式、不良的进食行为以及教师不当的引导方式等。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and causes of simple obesity in kindergarten children in Tianjin. Methods The height and body weight of 11180 children,aged 1.5～6year,5910 boys and 5276 girls,in 24 kindergartens in the 6 urban districts of Tianjin were survey by random stratified sampling. Questionnaire survey was conducted among the parents (n=183)and teachers (n=145)of the 104 overweight children,56 boys and 48 girls,and 99 obese children,71 boys and 28 girls,in 9 out of the 24 kindergartens selected by random stratified sampling. Personal interview was conducted among the parents (20) and teachers (20) of 20 randomly selected children from the 99 obese children. Results Six hundred and sixty overweight children and 426 obese children,totally 1086,were found in these 24 kindergartens. The overweight rate was 5.5%～6.3%,the obesity rate was 3.4%～4.2%,and the unqualified rate (overweight rate + obesity rate) was 9.1%～10.3% among the surveyed children. The obesity rate was 3.6% in the state-run kindergartens,4.2% in the district-run kindergartens,3.9% in the institution-run kindergartens,and 3.7% in the neighborhood-run kindergartens without significant difference between any 2 kinds of kindergartens. The obesity rate was 4.8% among the boys and 2.7% among the girls (P<0.01). The unqualified child rate was 11.2% among the boys and 8.4% among the girls (P<0.01). Most of the parents had wrong conceptions about diet. Many parents liked to stir-fry food,fry food in shallow oil without stirring,or fry food in deep fat and did not like to steam or boil food,and liked too oily food. Many families liked sedentary lifestyle,and watch too much TV.The eating habit was positively correlated with that of the parents in 12.9% of the children,positively correlated with that of the father in 19.35% of the children,and positively correlated with that of the mother in 67.74% of the children. Conclusion The problems of overweight and obesity are severe among preschool children in the urban area of Tianjin. Lack of scientific knowledge,wrong traditional conceptions,unhealthy family lifestyle and dietary habit,and misleading of teachers are the main causes.
出处
《中国健康教育》
2005年第4期251-254,共4页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
天津师范大学哲学社会科学研究青年教师基金课题
关键词
单纯性肥胖
幼儿
肥胖
Simple obesity
Preschool children
Overweight
