摘要
目的:了解基层医院医护人员职业损伤与防护的整体情况,以强化职业防护的意识,改进防护措施,减少医护人员因职业暴露而致的职业损伤。方法:根据江西省医护人员职业损伤调查表的要求,随机对基层医院12 5名医护人员进行问卷调查。结果:护士锐器损伤次数为2 .5 3次/人/年,医生为0 .86次/人/年,医护人员锐器损伤次数平均为1.96次/人/年。患者的血液、体液接触医护人员身体部位的构成比分别为接触鼻口为38.2 % ,接触眼为31.7% ,接触手及躯干为30 .1% ,而不同部位所采取的相应防护措施的构成比分别为接触口鼻戴口罩的为39.1% ,接触眼而戴眼罩的为1.1% ,接触手及躯干戴手套及穿隔离衣的为33.6 % ,总的防护率仅为18.5 %。医护人员乙型肝炎病毒感染率为13.6 % ,乙肝疫苗接种率为2 3.2 %。结论:强化医护人员防护知识的培训,提供防护设施及物品,推行标准的防护管理是提升医护人员防护能力,降低医护人员因职业暴露而致的职业损伤的重要途径和根本措施。
Objective:This paper investigates the status of occupational injuries and preventions by clinic staff in district and community hospitals. It aims to reinforce clinic staff's awareness against occupational injuries, to introduce preventive measures, and to reduce occupational injuries suffered by clinic staff. Method According to the requirements in the Survey of Occupational Injuries of Clinic Staff in Jiangxi Province, a questionnaire was distributed, in March, 2004, to 125 clinic staff in district and community hospitals. Results (1) The nurses have suffered from 2.53 injuries per person each year caused by sharp medical instruments, the doctors 0.86 injuries per person each year, and the clinic staff has an average of 1.96 injuries per person each year. (2) The probability of contacts of patients' blood and body fluid on the clinic staff's body parts is respectively as follows: 38.2% on noses and mouths, 31.7% on eyes, and 30.1% on hands and trunks. The corresponding preventions from nose and mouth contacts by wearing masks are 39.1%, preventions from eye contacts by wearing eye masks are only 1.1%, and preventions from contacts of hands and body trunk by wearing gloves and isolation gowns are 33.6%. The whole preventions only occupy 18.5%. (3) The virus infections of Hepatitis B by the clinic staff are 13.6%, while only 23.2% staff has received vaccination. Conclusion We propose the following main channels and proper precautions for clinic staff to increase their preventive ability and to reduce occupational injuries: (1) Clinic staff should be given more training in medical preventions; (2) An adequate preventive facilities and stuffs should be provided for them; (3) Standard preventive management should be carried out.
出处
《赣南医学院学报》
2005年第1期119-121,共3页
JOURNAL OF GANNAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
关键词
基层医院
职业损伤
职业防护
district and community hospitals
occupational injuries
occupational preventions
