摘要
用粳稻０２４２８、０２９和籼稻３０３７、Ｐａｌｇｈａｒ进行杂交，探索籼粳亚种光抑制特性在Ｆ１杂种中的遗传表现。结果表明：通常粳稻表现耐光抑制，籼稻表现对光抑制敏感。杂种Ｆ１的光抑制特性因正反交有明显差异。粳／籼Ｆ１光合光抑制与其母本粳稻相似，因其来自母本质基因编码的ＱＢ蛋白与１４Ｃ－Ａｔｒａｚｉｎｅ结合的Ｋｂ值和光抑制条件下ＱＢ蛋白维持能力接近；籼／粳Ｆ１比母本机稻耐光抑制，因其ＱＢ蛋白维持能力有所增加，这可能与来自核编码的ＳＯＤ诱导活性增加有关。杂种稻光抑制特性受双亲核质基因互作调控．其中质基因影响较大。因此选择耐光抑制的母本是杂优育种中选亲配组的重要原则之一。
To elucidate genetic background of photoinhibition of photosynthesis,triats related to photoinhibition of photosynthesis in indica and japonica subspecies of rice and their reciprocal F1hybrides were explored by isotope tracing and other techniques. Photosynthetic rate and PS Ⅱ activity in all rice genotypes were decreased by photoinhibition. Judging from the relative photosynthetic rate and PS Ⅱ activities after photoinhibition, it can be seen that the Percentage of photoinhibition in Japonica rice 02428 and 029 was lower than that in indica rice 3037 and Palghar. However, the Percentage of photoinhibition in reciprocal F1 hybrids, though lying between values of their parents, was closer to that in their maternal lines than to Paternal lines (Table 1 ). Two factors contributed to the facts mentioned above:(1) QB-protein was degraded rapidly inall rice genotypes in strong light (Fig.1), and relative contents of QB-protein (%) after photoinhibitiopn in F1 hybrids, lying between values of theirparents, were closer to those in their maternal lines than to paternal lines (Table 2): (2) SOD played some role in reducing photooxidative damage to QB-protein (Table 3). SOD activities induced by photoinhibition in japonica rice were higher than those in indica rice. But no significant differencexs between indica/japonica F1 and japonioca/indica F1 were observed (Fig. 2). The traits of sensitivity of photosynthesis to photoinhibition in hybrid rice were controlled by both the plastid gene from maternal line and the nuclear gene from both parents, but mainly by the former. Photoinhibitoin-tolerant hybrid rice may be bred by crossing indica rice with japonica rice reciprocally with higher content of QB-protein in maternal line and/or higher SOD activity induced by photoinhibition in either P8rent.
基金
江苏省自然科学基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
光抑制
杂种
光合作用
稻
光合系统
photoinhibition, photosystem Ⅱ, Q_B-protein, superoxide dismutase. hybrid rice
