摘要
目的 监测外科病房医院感染发生部位、病原菌分布特点,分析其耐药性,为医院感染的预防和控制提供参考。方法 外科病房送检标本进行细菌培养、鉴定及药物敏感实验;对细菌培养阳性病例参照《医院感染诊断标准》,医院质控科确诊为医院感染的病例进行分析。结果 外科病房医院感染以伤口或创口、呼吸道、泌尿道的发生率最高; 474例医院感染病原菌中,居前3 位的依次为葡萄球菌属、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌;药物敏感性实验显示,外科病房医院感染病原菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南和多黏菌素抗菌药物敏感性较好(98%),但产β内酰胺酶的菌株较多,对其他常规抗生素耐药性严重。结论 外科病房医院感染因疾病不同,其感染部位、病原菌及其耐药性均有所不同,因此,加强医院感染病原学监测,针对各相关环节和因素采取相应的预防和控制措施,对于减少外科病房医院感染的发生具有重要意义。
OBJECTIVE To provide reference for prevention and control of nosocomial infection based on investigation of the infectious situations and the distribution of nosocomial infection bacteria and analysis of their antibiotic-resistance. METHODS The bacteria from specimens of surgery ward were cultured and identified, and then antibiotic susceptibility tests were done. These nosocomial infection cases judged by the department of nosocomial infection control according to the diagnostic criterion of nosocomial infection were analyzed. RESULTS The incidences of nosocomial infection of surgery ward were higher in wound, respiratory system and urinary catheter. A total of 474 strains of pathogens from nosocomial infection and the most commonly encountered pathogens of them were Staphylococcus aureus (122/474), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (104/474), and Escherichia coli (96/474), respectively. The results of antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that pathogens from nosocomial infection in surgery ward were sensitive to such antibiotics as imipenem, meropenem and polymyxin (98%), but, ESBLs-producing strains were seen more and their drug-resistance to the other common antibiotics were very severe. CONCLUSIONS The infectious situations and the pathogens and their drug-resistance of nosocomial infection are very different due to different diseases. Therefore, strengthening the supervision of the nosocomial infection pathogens and applying relevant prevention and control measures to make nosocomial infection decrease are very important.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期458-461,共4页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
医院感染
病原菌
耐药性
Nosocomial infection
Pathogens
Drug resistance
