摘要
同常规的垂直井相对比,采用水平井开采能够大幅度增加油气井与油气藏的接触面积,改变油气藏中井筒附近区域的渗流方式,降低渗流阻力,进而可以利用较低的生产压差来实现更高的油气产量。因此对于稠油油气藏、大倾角多层油气藏、天然裂缝油气藏、薄油层油气藏、具有气顶或者底水的油气藏以及海上油气田的开采,水平井技术越来越受到人们的关注。在水平井开采中,井筒沿程有流体不断地流入,使得水平井筒中的流动成为一种沿流动方向质量流量逐渐增加的变质量流动。由于油气藏中复杂的地质条件以及水平井段的流动特点,还会出现油、气、水的多相流动,这就使得水平井段内的流动变得更加复杂。水平井筒变质量流动规律的研究是水平井产能预测、水平井水平段长度优选以及水平井完井设计优化等的基础。文章从物理模拟实验及数学模拟两个方面对水平井筒变质量流动规律的研究方法及原理分别进行了介绍,并阐述了该研究领域所取得的最新进展。
As compared with the conventional straight well, the horizontal well can greatly increase the contact area between well and reservoir, change the filtrational mode in the vicinity of wellbore in the reservoir and reduce filtrational resistance, thus obtaining higher oil and gas production by a relatively low producing pressure difference. In order to well exploit the high-viscosity oil reservoirs, high-angle multilayer oil reservoirs, fractured oil reservoirs and thin-layer oil reservoirs, the oil reservoirs with gas cap and/or bottom water and the offshore oil and gas fields, the horizontal well techniques have been followed with interest by the people more and more. The fluid continuously flows into the horizontal wellbore along flowing path, which makes the flow becoming a variable mass flow with gradually increasing mass flow along flowing direction. The oil-gas-water multiphase flow would occur because of the complicated geological conditions in reservoir and the flowing behaviors in the horizontal interval, which causes the flow in the horizontal interval becoming much more complicated. The research on variable mass flowing law in horizontal wellbore is the basis of the productivity prediction, horizontal length selection and completion design optimization of horizontal well. The research methods and principles of the variable mass flowing law in horizontal wellbore are respectively introduced from both physical simulation experiments and mathematic simulation, and the newest progress having been achieved in such a research is expounded in the paper also.
出处
《天然气工业》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期92-94,共3页
Natural Gas Industry
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(50274053)资助
关键词
水平井
井筒
流动规律
压力降
直井
压力损失系数
钻井工程
Computer simulation
Filtration
Horizontal wells
Oil wells
Optimization
Petroleum reservoirs
Pressure drop
Viscosity
