摘要
牛分支杆菌感染的主要特征是引起细胞内免疫反应。现在针对牛结核的诊断试验是以T细胞反应机制为基础的。低敏感性的结核血清学试验是不值得提倡的,血清学试验最好作为细胞学试验的补充而不是替代。最近,发现了牛结核r干扰素试验是一种快速的(24小时)惟一使用全血的体外试验,该方法在澳大利亚地区应用发现,该方法要比传统的结核菌素法诊断牛结核更敏感。假阳性反应的难题归因于所使用的抗原制品间的交叉反应特性,设动物对牛PPD和禽PPD的r干扰素反应作对照可解决假阳性的问题。虽然牛结核特异性蛋白已确认并被分类,这些特异性蛋白可能在血清学或细胞学诊断试验中使用,但是它们可能因牛对结核分支杆菌感染的免疫反应的遗传多样性而受到限制。
The immune response to mycobacterial infections in cattle is predominantly cellular in nature and current diagnostic tests for M.bovis are based on the measurement of T cell responses.The low sensitivity of serological assays for tuberculosis is therefore not surprising and serological tests will at best be used to complement rather than replace cellular assays.The recently developed bovine interferon gamma(IFN-γ)assay is a rapid(24 hour)and simple whole blood in vitro assay,which in Ausrtalian field trials was found to be significantly more sensitive than the intradermal tuberculin test for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis.The problem of false-positive reactions,due to the cross-reactive nature of the antigen preparations used,can largely be overcome by using a comparative assay in which an animal's IFN-γ response to bovine PPD and avian PPD are compared.Although reasonably M.bovis specific protein have been identified and characterized,their use in either serological or cellular diagnostic assays is likely to be restricted due to the genetic diversity of the bovine immune response to M.bovis infection.
出处
《畜牧兽医杂志》
2005年第3期15-17,共3页
Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine
