摘要
以海河流域为对象 ,对河流生态基流量整合计算模型进行了实例研究 ,提出了海河流域生态基流量的整合计算的基本原则 ,即 :分阶段恢复原则、恢复模式原则、等级制原则和时空优化配置原则 .海河流域生态环境恢复对象包括 2 4条河段和 12块湿地 .根据河流生态基流量整合计算模型 ,计算得到海河流域的河流生态基流量 :高方案为 2 12 5 2× 10 8m3·a- 1 ,中方案为 13 1 79× 10 8m3·a- 1 ,低方案为 69 3 2× 10 8m3·a- 1 .并计算 3年内不同月份的生态基流量 .在高中低方案中 ,生态基流量的最大值均在 8月份 ,最小值均在 2月份 ,按照从大至小的顺序依次为 :8月份、7月份、9月份、6月份、10月份、5月份、11月份、4月份、3月份、12月份、1月份、2月份 .建议管理部门首先保证低方案的生态基流量 ,充分关注枯水年份和枯水季节的生态基流量 ,加强监测和管理生态敏感性强的河段。
Conformity calculation of river ecological basic flows in the Hai He river basin was analyzed as an example. The prominent principles of calculation based on the Hai He River environmental problems were phase-recovery, restoration patterns, grading and space-time optimal allocation. The objects on river ecological basic flow of Hai He river basin included 24 reaches and 12 wetlands. According to the calculation on ecological basic flow of every subsystem, the month and year ecological basic flow of study objects was calculated. On the basis of conformity models, the ecological basic flows of Hai He river basin were 212.52×10~8 m^3·a^(-1) in high objective, 131.79×10~8 m^3·a^(-1) in middle objective and 69.32×10~8 m^3·a^(-1) in low objective, respectively. For the high, middle and low objectives the ecological basic flows per month were changed. The maximum ecological basic flows appeared in August and minimum ecological basic flows in February. The order of the ecological basic flows from maximum to minimum was August, July, September, June, October, May, November, April, March, December, January, and February. It was advised that the management department should firstly guarantee the ecological basic flows in low objective, pay enough attention to the ecological basic flows in low water year and reason at the same time, and also enhance the monitoring and management of wetlands and estuaries in high ecological sensitivity.
出处
《环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期442-448,共7页
Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目 (5 0 2 3 90 2 0 )
国家技术研究发展计划 (863 )项目 (2 0 0 3AA60 10 10 )
