摘要
将Eggers模型移入实验室大型玻璃钢水槽中,采用3种室内可能得到的实验饵料:冷冻细脚长(Themistogra cilipes)、天然成体卤虫(Artemissalina)和小黄鱼糜(Fishsilage),在流水条件下,比较黄渤海主要中上层小型鱼类玉筋鱼(Ammodytepersonatus)对上述3种饵料的摄食、生长和生态转换效率等生态能量学特征。结果显示,3种饵料中,虽然玉筋鱼对细脚长的能量生态转换效率较高,但是其湿重摄食量[g/(100g·d)FW]和能量摄食量[kJ/(100g·d)]都比较低,生长情况较差;卤虫的食物生态转换效率较高,湿重摄食量较多、生长情况较好;鱼糜的能量摄食量较多,生长情况介于两者之间,但其生态转换效率均较低。与自然生长的玉筋鱼相比,摄食卤虫的玉筋鱼较接近于自然生长。研究结论认为,室内玉筋鱼的模拟实验,在不能获得自然活体饵料的情况下,卤虫不失为一个理想的选择。
This experiment was conducted in Qingdao Maidao Experiment Base of Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences.The sandlances (Ammodyte personatus Girard) in the experiment were caught by fixation net from alongshore sea area.After being transferred into large steel-glass tanks in lab,the fish were domesticated for about one week.The water in tanks was flowing,and its velocity was not less than 24m^(3)/d based on the guideline that the water chemical target could be similar to that of the nature.The sea water was deposited and sieved by sand firstly,and then were transferred to tanks.The average water temperature was (20.40±0.95)℃.Whole experiment was under nature light cycle.After the fish had been adapted to the environment,the experiment started.During the experiment the fish were fed with three kinds of food,ie.Themisto gracilipes,Artemis salina and fish silage,which were accessible under lab conditions.They were fed everyday twice at 6:00 and 16:00 to overmuch so as to ensure the ecological energetic parameters of sandlance could be got under the largest food consumption condition.Gastric content sampling method in field was transformed in lab.For each measurement 20 samples were collected at 3-hour intervals,and this measurement period was 24 h.This experiment was conducted every 5 d,and there were 5 times in total.At the middle of this experiment,gastric evacuation experiment was made.Five samples were taken every one hour,and there were 11 sampling times totaly.In all of above experiments,when sandlances were sampled,they must be put into formalin solution immediately to be fixed.The parameters,such as body length,body weight,gastric food content and so on were measured after all these experiments were finished.Since sandlance body was so small,gastric food content was substituted by whole gut food contents.The gut food contents were measured by following steps:first,the whole gut including gullet,stomach and intestine were weighed up after dried by absorb-water paper;second,they were weighed up again after the food in it was cleaned up;last the gut food contents could be got by the difference between above two weights.In data treatment,the selected gastric evacuation model was exponential model because it was better to describe the gastric evacuation of fishes,and it was the most appropriate for those fishes which always eat small,low energy foods.Because it needed less samples,simple operation and had little disturbances to fishes,Eggers' model was adopted.Daily food consumption(C_(d)) was calculated by Eggers' equation C_(d)=24SR_(t,)where S meant 24h gut food contents and R_(t) meant instantaneous evacuation rate;daily growth was the slope of the regressing equation which was got from regression between body weight and time;conversion efficiency(E_(g)) was calculated by equation E_(g)=(G_(d)/C_(d)) 100%,where G_(d) meant equation regression.Food consumption,growth and conversion efficiency were compared among different feed groups.The results indicated that the conversion efficiency of energy in sandlance fed with Themisto gracilipes was the highest,but the highest conversion efficiency of day matter was that of sandlance fed with Artemis salina.The lowest food consumption,in wet weight and in energy was observed in those fed with Themisto gracilipes which showed the lowest growth.On the other hand,those fed with Artemis salina consumed the most food in wet weight,and grew very quickly.The food consumption of energy of those fed with fish silage was high,and the growth rate was between above two,but the conversion efficiency was too low.Moreover fish condition factors showed that the growth of the sandlance fed with Artemis salina was the most similar to that of nature.So if live sandlance nature food is inaccessible,Artemis salina can replace sandlance's nature food in lab.
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第3期260-266,共7页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目资助(G1999043710).
关键词
摄食
生长
生态转换效率
饵料
玉筋鱼
food consumption
growth
conversion efficiency
feed
Ammodyte personatus
