摘要
线粒体通常被认为是消耗氧气产生ATP的细胞器。但自然界有多种生物具有厌氧型线粒体,其厌氧生物化学和遗传学研究表明,线粒体可能来源于兼性厌氧的α-蛋白细菌,在有氧环境中,起始共生体的厌氧功能丧失或者被改变而进化成为经典的线粒体,但在厌氧环境中,有氧呼吸功能丧失了进化。厌氧型线粒体为了完成能量的转化,改变了呼吸链的组成,表现出产能模式的多样性。而经典线粒体在利用氧化反应获得能量的同时,也通过电子漏产生了自由基,对生命体本身构成了威胁。事实上,生命体呼吸链的进化是沿着不断加强对氧的利用效率和不断克服氧毒性的方向发展的。
Mitochondria are usually viewed as oxygen-consuming, ATP-producing organelles. But anaerobic mitochondria are known to exist in some lives. Study on its anaerobic biochemistry and genetics showed that mitochondria probably descend from facultative anaerobic α-proteobacteria. In aerobic environments, the anaerobic capacities of the original symbiont were lost or modified, giving rise to classical mitochondria, whereas in anaerobic environments, the aerobic capacities were lost. Formation of respiration chain of anaerobic mitochondria was modified in order to transfer energy, and had diversity. However, classical mitochondria obtained energy through oxygen reaction, also produced free radical with electron leakage. It is harmful to life self. In fact, evolution of respiration chains developed along enhancing increasingly to utilize oxygen and hurdle oxygen toxicity.
出处
《生物技术通讯》
CAS
2005年第2期168-171,共4页
Letters in Biotechnology
