摘要
景观生态学是一门交叉学科,它日渐成熟的理论已被广泛运用于各个学科。就等级理论与尺度效应、渗透理论和源汇系统理论、格局过程关系理论以及景观安全格局理论在土壤侵蚀学中的应用进行了探讨,证实了景观生态学原理在土壤侵蚀学中应用的可行性。然后以黄土高原黄家二岔流域为例,从土壤侵蚀角度出发,分析了阴坡和阳坡的景观格局,提出并计算斑块大小、斑块形状和斑块排列顺序三个指标,然后判断它们对土壤侵蚀的影响,认为阴坡的景观格局受人为干扰大,耕地比重大,且地块形状规则,分布在坡下部位置,利于土壤侵蚀的发生;而阳坡人工草地比重大,灌木林和林地的等高连通度大,且分布在耕地之下,有利于水土保持。最后,认为应用景观生态学原理分析和评判流域土壤侵蚀是可行的,并且具有较大的发展潜力。
Landscape ecology is a new intersection science.With its development,its principles are applied in different subjects widely.The application of some of them in soil erosion science is discussed,including hierarchy theory and scale effect,percolation theory and source and pool system theory,pattern process system and landscape security patterns theory.Then,taking Huangjia'ercha catchments as an example,the landscape pattern in sunny slope and shady slope are analyzed,as well as three landscape pattern factors:patch's area,patch's shape and patch's turn in slope.By them,the authors judge the effect of landscape pattern on soil erosion.The landscape pattern in sunny slope is better than that in shady slope.The landscape pattern in shady slope is easy to conserve erode because of its large proportion of tilth,serious human disturbance and regular figure plot.But the landscape pattern in sunny slope is easy to conserve soil and water because of its large proportion of grassland,high connection along contour,and the distribution under tilth.In the end,it's feasible to apply landscape ecology theory to assess and judge soil erosion of catchments.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第3期141-144,共4页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40371075)
黄河水利委员会"十五"重大治黄科技项目(2002SZ08)
"十五"国家科技攻关(2001BA606A-04)联合资助
关键词
景观生态学
土壤侵蚀
景观格局
landscape ecology
soil erosion
landscape pattern
