摘要
198 7年、1989～1991年四川梅花鹿产仔期,在四川省若尔盖县铁布自然保护区用耳缺法连续标记了111只(♂♂5 6 ,♀♀5 5 ) 3～10日龄的四川梅花鹿幼仔,根据野外对这批标记仔鹿生长、繁殖、死亡的观察数据编绘出四川梅花鹿的生命表、存活曲线、死亡曲线、种群自然增长率和繁殖价。这批标记仔鹿中,雄鹿和雌鹿的最大寿命分别为14岁和15岁;初生仔鹿的雌雄性比为1∶1,5～6岁时雌雄性比为3∶1;雌鹿最早的产仔年龄为3～4岁,最晚产仔年龄为11～12岁;雄鹿最早在4～5岁时拥有雌鹿,10～11岁以后就都失去了曾占有的雌鹿群。雄鹿2～3岁时期望寿命最大为5 111,雌鹿1～2岁时期望寿命最大为6 14 8。雌鹿的存活曲线接近于Odum有关存活曲线的A型,雄鹿的存活曲线属B型。净生殖率、种群自然增长率和平均世代时间分别为1 2 2 8、0 0 31和7 0 15。雌鹿3～4岁时的繁殖价最高。
During 1987 and 1989-1991, we marked 111(♂♂56,♀♀55) Sichuan sika deer (Cervus nippon sichuanicus)fawns(3 - 10 day old) with ear notches in Tiebu Nature Reserve,Sichuan, China, observed their survival from February 1987 through March 2004, and generated a population life table. The results are as follows: The oldest male deer was 14 years of age, the oldest female was 15. The sex ratio (♀∶♂)of the young deer is 1∶1, and of adult deer (5 - 6 years of age) was 3∶1. The youngest reproductive age of female deer was 3 - 4 years of age and the oldest age was 11 - 12. Male deer gained the ability to control females at the age of 4 - 5, and lost that ability after the age of 10 - 11. Life expectancy for male deer at age 2 - 3 was 5.111 and for female deer at age 1-2 was 6.148. The survival curve of the female deer resembled Odum's type A; survival of male deer resembled Odum's type B.Net reproductive rate ( R_(0 )) was 1.228, rate of natural increase ( r )was 0.031, and mean generation length (T) was 7.015. Females of ages 3 - 4 had the highest reproductive value.
出处
《兽类学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第2期150-155,共6页
Acta Theriologica Sinica
基金
四川省教委重点课题基金资助项目 [川教计 1997(13 3 ) ]
