摘要
从１９７９年至１９８８年，为培育适合于北方地区养殖的鲤鱼新品种，我所选用遗传差异大的黑龙江野鲤和荷包红鲤进行了正反杂交（单交）。结果两个亲本具有很强的配合力，正反交Ｆ＿１都有明显的生长优势，优势率在１５－３０％；反交组Ｆ＿１的抗寒、抗病力很强，并完成了单组的选型。由于原种荷包红鲤在，黑龙江不能过冬，越冬成活率为零，为保证新品种的培育，根据杂支分离的遗传学原理，从上述组合Ｆ＿２中筛选出一个越冬成活率已达７０％以上、基因型与原种相似的抗寒品系。１９８５年至１９８８年，又用上述单交Ｆ＿１与散鳞镜鲤进行正反三杂交，通过池塘生长对照，抗寒力试验，结果正反三杂交Ｆ＿１的生长相似，比单交Ｆ１更具生长优势，优势率在３０～５０％之间，成活率、抗寒、抗病力都提高５％以上。并已进行了推广应用。
From 1985 to 1988,headed by our institute,joined by Fishery ResearchInstitute of Harbin City a research object was undertaken to breed a new common carp breedwhich is suitable for breeding in north area.Before that,from 1979 to 1985,our institute use of the Heilondiang common carp andthe Red Ball carp to make out some crossing.It revealed that this hybrid combination hasvery high combining ability.Positive or negative,the F_1 has growth superiority,the rate ofhybrid vigor is about 15-30%,and in negative hybrid combination,the F_1 has very highability of anticold and antidisease.The former red ball carp cannot live through winter in ourprovince.For assuring the new breed was bred out,acording to the genetic principles,weselected a new anticold breed(has the same genetic type with the former and can livethrough the winter)out of the F_2 of the combination.Mean while,the form selection ofsingle hybrid combination was done.From 1986 to 1988,cooperating,the three institutesaccomplished positive and negative cross,the comparision of the growth of F_1 and theselection of the three-way cross carp[(Heilongjinng common carp × red ball carp)F_1×scatter scale mirror carp].The result is that the growth of F_1 of negative and positive hybridcombination is similar,the growth superiority of both is bigger than that of single hybridcombination,the rate of hybrid vigor is over 50%,the abive rate,anticold ability,antidisease ability all increase over 5%.The obvious economic results were obtained,andthe selection of the F_3 was accomplished.
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
1994年第1期10-19,共10页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
关键词
鲤鱼
抗病力
品种
抗冻性
common carp,Cold resistance,Disease resistance,New breed
