摘要
交通拥挤收费问题在国外发达国家已研究多年,也有许多成功的应用范例,但国内在此方面的研究起步较晚。首先介绍了拥挤收费在国外城市交通和公路交通管理中的应用情况,并从经济学的原理出发,揭示了拥挤收费的理论依据,运用经济理论分析了拥挤收费的定价原则。从实证的角度以高速公路为例,计算拥挤状况下的边际成本、用户平均成本和拥挤收费额。最后,提出实施拥挤收费的相关建议和措施。
The developed counties have researched on congesting charge and applied measures to solve city transportation congestion in many places for many years,but until recently, the measures is noticed in China . The paper introduces congestion charge which is widely utilized in foreign urban transportation management and highway transportation management, and points out the economic essence of congestion charge which is caused by the difference between user average cost and marginal cost. Then the paper analyzes the pricing principle of congesting charge by economic theory and takes freeway for instance to depict how to calculate marginal cost, user average cost and congestion charge. At last, the paper puts forward some correlative suggestions and measures.
出处
《城市交通》
2005年第2期66-69,共4页
Urban Transport of China
关键词
拥挤收费
边际成本
用户平均成本
congestion charge
marginal cost
user average cost
