摘要
分析了雄性不育系高粱314 A、13A与3种苏丹草杂交组合F1 代的生育、株高、穗型、分蘖性、产量、光合性能及细胞遗传学等特性.结果表明:各杂交种F1 植株高大,平均株高343～36 9cm,穗型呈双亲中间型,种子活秆成熟,生育期130～137d,分蘖性强,单株平均分蘖数6 .3～9.0个,花粉可育率91%以上,自然结实率6 3.88%～6 7.79% ;F1 鲜草产量比各自父本苏丹草增加16 .17%～32 .73% ,种子产量增加4 1.4 0 %～5 2 .97% ,杂种超亲优势19.2 9%～4 8.6 8% ,茎叶比3.0 5～3.6 6 ;F1 净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2 浓度均明显超过其各自亲本,CO2 固定能力强;F1 代PMCM 染色体均能正常配对,平均构型为2 n=2 x=2 0 10 ,但棒状二价体频率明显高于其双亲,原亲本间的遗传组成仍存在着一定的差异;试验证明母本314 A、13A的雄不育发生在减数分裂后的小孢子形成期.
The growth periods,plant heights ,ear types,tiliering capabilties,yield,photosynthetic capabilities and cytogenetic characteristics of F_1 of the male sterile sorghum lines 314A and 13A Sudan grass were studied.The results showed that the F_1 had a tall plant height ranging between 343～369 cm and an medial ear type between their parents,produced mature kernels while maintaining alive stalks,and had a growth period ranging between theri parents,produced mature kernels while maintaining alive stalks,and had a growth period ranging between 130 days～137 days,a strong tillering capability with their average tiller number per plant varying between 6.3～9.0,a pollen fertility of more than 91.0%,a kernel-set ratio varying between 63.88%～67.79%,the F_1 showed fresh hay and kernel yields and heterobeltiosis 16.17%～32.73%,41.40%～52.97%,19.29%～48.68%,higher than those of their male parent Sudan grass,respectively;The F_1 showed a stem-leaf ratio varying between 3.05～3.66;The F_1 presented a higher photosynthetic rate,a higher stomatal conductance,a higher intercellular CO_2 concentration and a stronger CO_2-absorping capacity than those of their parents . At PMCMⅠ of the F_1 chromosome pairing run regularly in the average configuration of 2n=2x=20(10Ⅱ),but the rod bivalents appeared remarkably more frequently than those in the two parents,which showed that the parents differed in genetic composition to some extent;The experiment proved that the female parents 314A and 13A formed their male sterility during post-meiosis microsporogenesis.
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第6期1107-1113,共7页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
关键词
雄不育系高粱
苏丹草
种间杂种F1
育性
生产性能
光合特性
染色体构型
male sterile sorghum lines
Sudan grass
interspecific F_1 fertility
productive capability
photosynthetic capability
chromosome configuration
