摘要
目的:了解2 0 0 2年1月～2 0 0 3年1 2月铜绿假单胞菌在我院的感染情况和耐药性,为临床合理应用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法:收集感染患者的各种临床标本,先按细菌检查常规进行细菌的分离培养,再通过法国ATBExpression微生物鉴定系统鉴定,采用Kirby -Bauer纸片扩散法,根据NCCLS制定的标准进行药敏试验。结果:共检出4 0 1株铜绿假单胞菌,主要分布于呼吸内科、神经外科和ICU ;铜绿假单胞菌在痰标本中的阳性率最高6 3. 84 %,其后依次为分泌物2 1 . 95 %、脓液6 . 2 3%、尿液3 .99%、粪便2 . 2 4 %、血液1 . 5 0 %、脑脊液0 . 2 5 %;铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南的耐药率最低,平均为8. 98%,对头孢哌酮舒巴坦、左氧氟沙星、头孢他啶、头孢哌酮、环丙沙星、阿米卡星的耐药率分别为1 7 .2 1 %、2 0 . 2 0 %、2 1 . 2 0 %、2 8 .1 7%、2 8. 93%、34. 1 6 %,其余抗菌药的耐药率都>4 .0 %。结论:铜绿假单胞菌在医院内感染中仍是一种最重要且显有多重耐药的致病菌。近两年来铜绿假单胞菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药率呈普遍上升的趋势。因而,按药敏试验结果合理选用抗菌药物,严格执行消毒、隔离制度对减少耐药菌株的产生,降低医院的发生率至关重要。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate infection status and drug resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa in our hospital during the period Jan 2002 ～ Dec 2003, in order to provide some references for rational use of antibiotics in the clinic. METHODS: Various clinical specimens collected from infected patients were cultured to isolate bacteria according to routine method, and bacteria identification was made by French ATB Expression microbiological assay system. Drug sensitivity test was performed by taking Kirby-Bauer slip diffusion method based on the standard made by NCCLS. RESULTS: 401 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected and were mainly distributed in departments of respiration, neurosurgery and intensive care unit(ICU). The highest positive rate of pseudomonas aeruginosa occurred in sputum specimen (63.84%),and then in secretions(21.95%),purulent liquid (6.23%), urine(3.99%), stool(2.24%), blood(1.50%) and CSF(0.25%) in turn. Drug resistance rate of pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem was lowest, the average rate was 8.98%; to cefoperazone/sulbactam, levofloxacin, ceftazidime, cefoperazone, ciprofloxacin and amikacin was 17.21%, 20.20%, 21.20%, 28.17%, 28.93% and 34.16%,respectively. Drug resistance rate of pseudomonas aeruginosa to other antibiotics was over 40%. CONCLUSION: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is still the major pathogen causing hospital infection and possesing of multidrug resistance to antibiotics. Drug resistance rate of pseudomonas aeruginosa to commonly used antibiotics has showed an increasing tendency in recent two years. So basing on the result of drug sensitivity test, rationally select antibiotics and strictly perform sterilizing and isolating rules are very important for reducing the generation of drug resistant strains and decreasing the incidence of hospital infection.
出处
《中国医院用药评价与分析》
2005年第3期175-177,共3页
Evaluation and Analysis of Drug-use in Hospitals of China
关键词
铜绿假单胞菌
医院感染
耐药率
pseudomonas aeruginosa
hospital infection
drug resistance
