摘要
分别以节水抗旱型小麦品种邯5316和喜水肥型品种邯3475为供试材料,进行了不同品种类型冬小麦土壤水分消耗特性及根系生长规律的比较研究。结果表明:节水抗旱型小麦根系发达,灌浆后期,在只浇春季1水的情况下,抗旱型品种50～200cm土壤层根长密度占0～200cm总根长密度的56.3%,单株总根重0.33g,其中50～200cm根重占总根重的22%,而喜高水肥型品种在春季只浇1水的情形下各值分别为52.1%,0.25g,19.4%。根系发育与分布的结果是抗旱型小麦品种对土壤水分的利用率更高,是相同灌水处理喜高水肥品种的115%,是本品种春季灌3水处理的190%,其对土壤水分利用效率高可体现在0～200cm土体的各个层次上,特别是对100cm以下土壤层的水分利用率也较高。但结果同时表明,抗旱型小麦对土壤水分的充分利用在小麦、玉米两熟种植制度下,对夏玉米前期生长有一定的影响,应该注意对夏玉米前期的水分管理。
Two types of winter wheat variety, Han5316 as a drought-resistant variety and Han3475 as a water-liking variety, were used to study the characteristics of soil water consumption and the dynamics of root growing. The results showed that the root system of Han5316 was more flourished than that of Han3475. Under the condition of irrigating 75 mm in spring, the total root weight of Han5316 was 0.33 g in 0~200 cm soil profile, the root weight in 50~200 cm soil profile was 22% of total weight in the later growing period, and the root length density in 50~200 cm soil profile was 56.3% of total root length density; meanwhile those of the water-liking variety were 0.25 g, 19.4% and 52.1% respectively. The flourishing root system made the drought-resistant wheat variety utilize the soil water fully at all layers of soil profile especially at the layer under 1m. The total soil water consumption of the drought-resistant variety was 115% that of the water-liking variety under the condition of irrigating 75 mm, and 190% that of the former variety under the condition of irrigating 225 mm. However, the soil water consumption of the drought-resistant variety was disadvantageous to the sowing and early growth of summer corn.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期26-31,57,共7页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
863节水重大专项"区域节水型农作制度与节水高效旱作保护性耕作技术研究"(2002AA2Z4021-1)
关键词
抗旱小麦
土壤水分
drought-resistant wheat variety
soil water
