摘要
根据位于塔里木盆地西北部的阿克苏水平衡试验站3种不同类型水面蒸发器φ20cm、20m2和E601型的实测水面蒸发资料,对水面蒸发变化趋势进行了分析。从1982-1988年φ20cm、20m2和E601型三种仪器测得的蒸发值均是逐年减少的,而1990-2003年三种仪器测得的蒸发值也是逐年减少的。1966-1988年φ20cm蒸发皿蒸发量有增加的趋势,造成增加的主要原因是风速的增加。蒸发皿蒸发量的增加主要表现在夏季,其次为秋季和冬季,春季的增加趋势不明显。
Long-term change of evaporations from water surface of the different evaporators can have profound implications for hydrological processes and crop growing. This paper analyzes the temporal series of evaporations from water surface of the different evaporators of φ20 cm, 20 m2 and E601 at Aksu Station for Water Balance Observation located in the northwest Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, China. The analyzed results show that the total evaporations from water surface of the different evaporators ofφ20 cm, 20 m2 and E601 were decreased from April to October during the periods from 1982 to 1988 and from 1990 to 2003. Some eigenvalues, such as the averages, standard deviations, extreme ratios, variation coefficients and skewness coefficients, are also calculated. In addition, the evaporation from water surface of the evaporator of φ20 cm was increased during the period from 1966 to 1988, which was mainly caused by the increase of wind speed. Seasonal change of the evaporations from water surface of the evaporators is significant, and the evaporation increase with time in summer is the most significant, then that in autumn and winter, while the evaporation increase with time in spring is not so obvious. The dominant factors affecting the evaporation from water surface of the different evaporators are the wind speed and vapour pressure deficit in spring, maximum temperature and wind speed in summer, and mean and maximum temperatures in autumn and winter, respectively.
出处
《干旱区地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第3期300-304,共5页
Arid Land Geography
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX-XJ02-08)
西部之光项目资助
