摘要
“持续发展”思想对于区域开发研究具有指导意义。据此，结合我国沿海地区经济发展的现状，本文就经济的持续适度快速增长，外向型经济发展与产业结构的优化，重大建设项目的合理布局，城市化与大中小城市的协调发展，自然资源的节约与有效开发利用，生态环境的治理与保护等影响持续发展的重大问题作了分析，并提出对策。
In the coming decades around the year of 2000. it will be critical for China′s coastal region to keep a sustainable and an appropriate economic growth rate. According to the authors. the appropriate average annual growth rate in the next ten to fifteen years is expected to be 8%- 9% for the overall national economy, while 9% - 11% for coastal region. Even for the provinces with the highest vitality for economic growth. the annual growth rate ought to be kept under 14%- 10 %.It is essential for China′s coastal region to carry out the restructuring of regional economy closely combined with the development of its outward-oriented economy. that is. to realize the restructuring and upgrading of economic structure together with the internationalization of economy. As for the development of different economic sectors. it is important to sustain the basic role of the primary industry. to enhance the leading function of the secondary industry and to promote the overall development of tertiary industry.The major construction projects of basic industries. including energy. raw materials industry and transportation in the next 10 to 15 years are supposed to be rationally located on the basis of macro planning. central management and control. in order to avoid the problems of over-decentralization and duplicated construction.The urbanization of coastal region will be speeded up in the coming years. and the overall urbanization rate will be increased from 30. 5% in 1990 to 40% in 2000. The on-going agglomeration of population and industries in large cities ought to be brought under strict control. while speeding up the development of middle-sized and small cities around the over-concentrated large cities. Probably metropolitan areas with large cities as cores will take shape in the developed areas in coastal region. such as Yangtze River delta, Pearl River delta. Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region and middle and south Liaoning.Resources shortage, especially the shortage of fresh water resource in the north part of coastal region. land resource shortage in the south part of coastal region and the energy shortage in both north and south part of coastal region. has become a major constraint factor for the sustainable socio-economic development of China′s coastal region. Policies and measures for resource-saving and rational exploitation and utilization of resources are put forward in the paper.The ecological environment of coastal region is getting worse, and such a tendency is mainly reflected in following aspects the more and more serious pollution of urban and rural ecological environment, the gradual sharpening of acid rains, the high occurrence frequency of natural disasters such as flood and storms. seawater erosion in coastal areas. the rise of sea level, the increase of red tides, and so on. Four measures to resolve the problems of ecological environment through carrying out comprehensive management and protection jointly are set forth by the authors.In general, the fundamental approaches to deal with the above-mentioned problems are put forward, that is, on the one hand to let go the market mechanism to guide naturally the regional economic development on the basis of promoting market system. While on the other hand, to enhance the macro planning and control over regional sustainable development on the basis of speeding up the transition of governmen′s functions.
出处
《地理学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
1995年第1期1-12,共12页
Acta Geographica Sinica
关键词
沿海地区
持续发展
产业结构
城市化
经济发展
coastal region
sustainable development
industrial structure urbanization
natural resources
ecological environment
