摘要
本文评述了有机岩石学在研究有机成熟度、有机质类型、生烃组分和成烃作用、烃类排出运移和聚集等方面的现状和发展方向。有机成熟度评价中镜质体反射率抑制、固体沥青反射率所反映的热成熟度等问题已基本解决，难点在于下古生界高过成熟烃源岩成熟度评价。沉积有机质显微组分类已基本统一。尚未有明确认识的关键问题是无定形有机质和矿物沥青基质特征和分类，这影响到有机质类型有机岩石学评价准确性。我国石油部门一直采用透射光干酪根显微组分定量评价有机质类型，建立反光下全岩和干酪根光片显微组分鉴定和类型评价标准显得十分迫切。烃源岩生烃组分和成烃作用有机岩石学剖析为沉积盆地有机质演化和烃类形成提供了最直观和准确的认识。对烃类流体包裹体和固体沥青显微特征的分析为油气藏形成演化史提供了重要信息。
The role of organic petrology in petroleum exploration,especially in sourcerocks assessments were developed from research method into the routine tool.The advan-tage of organic petrology lies in analysing characteristics on micro scale,origin and evolu-tion of sedimentary organic matter with respect to hydrocarbon generation. This paperpresents an overview of the advances and state of the art of application of organic petrologyin petroleum exploration,including the organic constitutes and occurrence in source rock,microscopic maturity studies,types of organic matter,oil-prone macerals and hydrocarbongeneration,expulsion,migration and accumulation of hydrocarbon fluids.
出处
《地学前缘》
EI
CAS
CSCD
1995年第4期189-196,共8页
Earth Science Frontiers
关键词
有机岩石学
显微组分
成烃作用
油气勘探
organic petrology,maceral,maturity,source rock,hydrocarbon generation
