摘要
通过田间长期定位施肥、室内模拟及大量室内分析对黄泛区砂质潮土进行了研究。结果表明：砂质潮土速效钾含量中等偏低，级效钾含量高，二者平均分别为７６．４ｍｇ·ｋｇ￣（－１）和６３１．７ｍｇ·ｋｇ￣（－１）．各形态钾含量为水溶态钾＜代换态钾＜非代换态钾＜矿物态钾，代换态钾与非代换态钾分别占全钾的０．３２％和３．５％，代换态钾和非代换钾与土壤物理性粘粒显著正相关，水溶性钾与之成相关，土壤粘土矿物以云母为主，土壤缓效钾易于释放。是作物钾的主要供应者。不同施肥措施影响土壤钾素的平衡，单施有机肥或氮磷钾化肥基本可维持土壤原有速效钾水平。不施肥、施氮磷化肥或氮磷配施有机肥均不能满足土壤钾素平衡，十年间速效钾降低１７．９－３７．９ｍｇ·ｋｇ￣（－１），达１８．６－３７．５％。连续种植小麦－玉米而不施钾ＡＲ￣Ｋ。逐年下降，直到０．００１１水平。钾肥施用在小麦、玉米、棉花、花生、西瓜等作物上有显著效果，而且增产幅度逐年增加，因此，应对土壤钾素状况注意监测，在生产上适时、适量地补充钾肥。
oil analysis and cited fertilization experiment showed:In Huangfan Plain, the content ofrapidly available K of sand soil wason the low side of the medium. but slowly available Kwas high, they were 76.4mg. kg^(-1) and 631. 7mg. kg^(-1), accounted for 18.6-37. 5 % . Under cultiva-tion of wheat-corn without potash fertilizer. AR^K. decreased, came to 0.0011 in 5 years. Pot-ash fertilizer efficiency, with significant effect, increased by years on wheat, corn, cotton, pea-nut and watermelon. It noted that soil potassium need to be monitored so that, in practice, toapply motash fertilizer in suitable time with rational dose.
出处
《河南科学》
1995年第1期70-75,共6页
Henan Science
基金
国家农业攻关项目
关键词
钾素形态
钾素平衡
钾肥效应
砂土
土壤
release rate potassium form potassium balance potash fertilizer efficiency
