摘要
农业工程类专业在从农业机械化到农村电气化、从净跨木屋架设计到地下和地表水保护等领域的机械化农业过程中发挥了至关重要的作用。为进一步提高其贡献率和维持其可持续性发展,农业教育工作者应该从农业生产基础的角度对农业工程进行再定位。目前:农业工程学科已涉及除机械化生产之外的很多其他方面,例如精准农业、食品加工过程优化、室内和运输车辆内空气质量改善、生物质与生物质能源利用、通过生物过滤与径流控制以减少水体污染等,这些成果正在逐渐成为生物科学及其应用的重点;飞速发展的科学技术已允许我们在全球定位系统中,利用诸如分布式电力供给、纳米技术、生物传感器以及机器人等技术发展精细农业,使得每个动植物个体都可以作为一个实体进行处理以使效益最大化并将环境的负影响降至最低;我们对一些持续的挑战已经有能力应对———例如生物质和生物质能源在科学研究和经济领域内已经获得了新生。为适应那些更加广泛的挑战,我们需要培养相适应的学生和专业人士并使他们学会学习,把不断优化的专业基础知识应用到生产和社会实践中去,做促其高效持续发展的积极推动者。
Agricultural engineering profession has played a vital role in mechanizing agriculture, from farm machinery to rural electrification, from designing clear span wood trusses to protecting surface and ground water. To gain further efficiency and maintain sustainability, agricultural engineering will need to rethink the basics of production agriculture. The agricultural engineering discipline has already evolved into a number of different dimensions beyond mechanization for production, addressing such issues as precision agriculture, optimizing food production processes, improving air quality in buildings and vehicles, utilizing biomass and bioenergy, and reducing water contamination through biofiltration and runoff control. The result is an increasing biological science and application emphasis. Rapid advances in technology allow us to take advantage of developments in global positioning systems by, distributed power supply, nanotechnology, biosenscrs and robotics to develop precision agriculture, where each plant or animal can be treated as an entity to maximize profitability and to minimize environmental impact. Other constant challenges, such as biomass and bioenergy, are revitalized in our research and economic domains. To meet these challenges, we must educate our students, and the profession, to be able to adapt changes, that is, to be able to learn.
出处
《中国农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期7-12,共6页
Journal of China Agricultural University
关键词
农业工程
课程
生物工程
专业
agricultural engineering
curriculum
biological engineering
profession
