摘要
对吉林省中西部平原区天然次生林、农田、居民点园地、“三北”防护林和天然割草场等典型土地利用生境进行大型土壤动物调查,野外手拣法采集大型土壤动物,研究大型土壤动物的群落组成与生态分布,了解土地利用差异对大型土壤动物群落特征的影响。共捕获大型土壤动物3门7纲16目101科5842只,优势类群为草蚁属、路舍蚁属和裸线蚓属,占全部总捕获个体数的49.20%。分析结果表明:大型土壤动物类群空间分布的广狭与个体数量的多寡在吉林省中西部平原区呈现出明显的一致性;中部平原区与西部平原区大型土壤动物群落组成存在显著差异;中西部大型土壤动物个体数量差异主要体现在优势类群方面,类群数量差异主要体现在稀有类群方面;土地利用差异明显影响大型土壤动物个体密度和类群数分布,其中农田和居民点园地土壤动物个体密度和类群数明显减少,但对土壤动物的垂直分布没有影响。
Soil macro-animals in the mid-west plain of Jilin Province were investigated with the emphasis on species richness and abundance in relation to five types of land use i.e. farm garden, farmland, Three-North Forest Shelterbelt, natural secondary forest and natural mowing pasture. Soil macro-animals were collected by hand-sorting. A total of 5 842 soil macro-animal individuals were captured and classified into 3 phylums, 7 classes, 16 orders and 101 families. Lasius Tetramorium and Achaeta were the dominant groups that accounted for 49.20% of the total individuals. The results suggested that the types of land use affected the species richness and abundance, and human activity has a significant impact on the soil macro-animals community. Agricultural activity reduced soil macro-animal diversity, but did not change their vertical distributions in the soil profile. The results also showed that the differences in the composition of the soil macroanimal community between the middle plain and the west plain in Jilin Province were mainly explained by the dominant group density and rare group numbers in all habitats.
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX1-SW-19)资助
吉林大学创新基金(4CX105)资助
