摘要
目的:采用问卷测量法分析儿童情绪障碍的个性特征。并与同龄正常儿童对比。方法:病例组为2003-09/2004-09在首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院就诊并全部接受微量生物电脑导入刺激治疗的30例情绪障碍儿童。对照组选取北京市某中学初一年级平均年龄为12岁的健康儿童30例。家长全面知情同意。采用个别和团体施测法,使用儿童艾森克人格问卷对各组儿童进行人格测评,艾森克人格问卷包括精神质、内外向、神经质、情绪的稳定性和掩饰性4个维度。各维度分用标准分(T)表示,以标准分38.5和61.5为划分界。由儿童自己填写问卷,年龄较小,阅读能力较差者,由心理评估人员阅读,儿童自己选择答案。结果均输入软件进行分析评价和保存。并与对照组及常模进行比较。结果:病例组发放问卷30份,收回合格问卷30份,有效率100%。对照组发放问卷35份,收回有效问卷30例,有效率86%。①与对照组相比,病例组的艾森克人格问卷内外向维度(E)分低,神经质维度(N)分高,差异有极其显著性意义(P<0.001)。②病例组与对照组男女之间艾森克人格问卷维度比较无差异。所设对照组与全国常模比较也无差异。③情绪障碍儿童人格特征更多倾向于内倾、情绪不稳定和抑郁质,分别占80%,90%,73%,显著高于对照组,差异极其显著(χ2=17.333,31.729,31.729,P<0.001)。结论:情绪障碍儿童的个性多为极端内向,情绪不稳定,属于抑郁质。这些不良人格特征阻碍儿童健康发展并且可诱发多种心理和精神疾病。但发育性的儿童个体,其人格处于发展过程中,具有可塑性。有针对性地教育引导,及早了解儿童的内心活动,可使其负性情绪及时有效的得到宣泄。良好的环境和教育,可以减少和消除由遗传造成不良人格特征的影响,促进儿童正常人格特质的形成和发展。
AIM： To analyze the personality characteristics of children with emotional disorder by means of questionnaire, and compare with normal children of the same age. METHODS： Thirty children with emotional disorder （patient group）, who received trace biological computer introduction stimulation in Beijing Children＇s Hospital affiliated to Capital University of Medical Sciences between September 2003 and September 2004, took part in the study, and 30healthy children （control group） with an average age of 12 years old were selected from Grade 1 of a middle school in Beijing city. All the subjects were assessed with Eysenck personality questionnaire （EPQ） individually and in group. There were 4 dimensions of psychoticism, introversion-extraversion, neuroticism, stability and lie in EPQ, each dimension was expressed by standard score （T）, 38.5 and 61.5 points were the deliminations. The questionnaires were finished by the children themselves, those who were younger or had worse reading ability chose the answer themselves after the psychological evaluator read the questions for them. The results were input to the software for evaluation and reservation, and compared with those in the control group and norms. RESULTS： In the patient group, 30 questionnaires were sent out and all were collected back, the effective rate was 100%. In the control group, 35 questionnaires were sent out, 30 were 86%. ① Compared with the control collected back, the effective rate was group, the score of introversion-extraversion was lower and the score of neuroticism was higher in the patient group, there were extremely significant differences （P 〈 0.001）. ② The scores of the dimensions in EPQ between males and females had no differences in the patient group and control group, there was also no difference between the control group and national norms. ③ The children with emotional disorder had more personality characteristics of introversion （80%）, emotional instability （90%） and melancholic temperament （73%）, which were extremely and significantly higher than those in the control group （χ^2=17.333, 31.729, 31.729, P 〈 0.001）.CONCLUSION： Children with emotional disorder have the personality characteristics of extreme introversion, emotional unstability and melancholic temperament, which can block the healthy development of the children and induce many psychological and mental diseases. The personality of ~owing children is developing and of plasticity. Suitable education and guidance, early knowledge of the inside activity of the children can make their negative emotions lead off timely and effectively. Better environment and education can reduce and eliminate the bad personality characteristics caused by genetics, and accelerate the formation and development of normal traits of the children.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第28期107-109,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
