摘要
随着铁路车辆向高速和重载方向发展，人们开展了抗热疲劳剥落能力优异的蠕墨铸铁在火车刹车闸盘上的应用研究。然而研究内容只涉及其耐磨性，在摩擦性能方面还很少有研究成果公开发表。因此，以含磷蠕墨铸铁为研究对象，系统地考察了石墨形态和磷含量变化对材料摩擦磨损性能的影响，并且依据研究结果制造火车闸瓦进行了实际装车使用性能的试验研究。结果表明，在给定的试验条件下于几种不同形态石墨的铸铁中，蠕墨铸铁既有优良的耐磨性，又有高的摩擦系数，故其是适合制造铁道车辆闸瓦的材料之一；随着磷含量的提高，蠕墨铸铁的摩擦系数快速增大，而磨损量则明显减小，而且蠕墨铸铁闸瓦的制动火花性能也明显改善；在同车对比运行试验以后，含磷蠕墨铸铁闸瓦摩擦表面的裂纹数量和尺寸都远比高磷灰铸铁闸瓦摩擦表面的小，而与中磷灰铸铁闸瓦摩擦表面的相当，可见使用含磷蠕墨铸铁闸瓦能够保证车辆安全运行。
Since the development of railway transportation is towards the heavy duty and highspeed,the research and application of compacted graphite cast iron,which possesses the beSt thermalfatigue resistance,in railroad brake shoes composition has been done by many investigators.Yetthose research reports mainly dealt with the wear resista nce and little attention was paid to frictioncoefficient. Thus,using phosphorous compacted graphite cast irons as the testing materials,theinvestigations in this paper were systematically made on the effects of gra phite morphologies andphosphorous additions on the tribological properties in cast iron;then,based on the material'sinvestigation, the tribological properties of brake shoe s under practical working condition weremeasured.The experimental results have indicated that the compa cted graphite cast iron possessesthe best combination of wear resistance and friction coefficie nt among the different graphitemorphologies tested,thus,it is the suitable selection to making brake shoes.With the increase inphosphorous addition in compacted graphite cast iron,the friction coefficient greatly increases wtulethe wear loss obviously decreases,at the same time, the brake sparking properties were improved.The brake shoes tribological property investigations show that the material investigation is reliable.At the end of this paper,the thermal fatigue cracking tendency has been measured for different kindof brake shoes ,proving that both the crack number and crack size on friction surface of the brakeshoes ma de of phosphorous compacted graphite cast ir on was obviously diminished compa red withthat of high phosphorous greyiron,and was about the same as that of the medium phosphorous greyiron,thus,it can be concluded that phosphorous compacted graphite cast ir on brake shoes can guardthe safe running of the vehicle.
出处
《摩擦学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1995年第3期236-242,共7页
Tribology
基金
铁道部科学基金
关键词
蠕墨铸铁
闸瓦
摩擦磨损
铁道车辆
compacted graphite Cast iron,brake shoes,tribological properties,braking sparking properties,thermal fatigue crack
