摘要
在四川中性紫色土上研究烤烟的氯钾营养及其与产量品质的关系。结果表明,施氯量80-240mgCl/kg土,可提高烟叶的光合强度,增强POD、PPO、SOD、NR等抗逆酶的活性,增大叶面积。烟叶含氯量随施氯量的增加而增加,烤烟烟叶产量比对照提高5.5-21.5％。以烟叶含氯<1％,K_2O/Cl比≥4为标准确定的该地区烤烟耐氯临界值为139-165mgCl/kg土(土壤水溶性氯),可使烟叶中糖和烟碱含量和比例协调。从烤烟营养和品质看,植烟土壤含氯(水溶性氯)以不超过160mg/kg土为宜。试验还表明施氯促进了烤烟对氯、钾的吸收,提高烟叶水溶性总糖含量,但不利于烟株对磷的吸收。因此合理配置烤烟氮、磷、钾、氯的比例对烤烟品质至关重要。本试验结果初步表明在中性紫色土植烟区,以部分氯化钾代替硫酸钾是可能的。
The reationship between chlorine and potassium nutrition in plant and the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco was studied. The results showed that Cl-supply, at the rate of 80-240 mg Cl/kg soil, enhanced photosynthesis, POD,PPO,SOD and NR activity, and increased leaf area, thus increased the yield of cured leaf. With the increase of Cl rates, the Cl content in tobacco leaves increased. The magnitude order of Cl contents in flue-cured tobacco plant parts was leaf >stem >root, and that in leaves at different positions was lower>middle>upper. When Cl was applied at 0-320 mg Cl/kg soil, the content of Cl in middle leaf were 0.376-2.674%, the K2O/Cl ratio was 8.3-1.4. Based on the requirement for high quality tobaco (Cl content in leaves<l%,and K2O/Cl ratio≥4) , the estimated critial level of chlorine content in the tested soil was in the range of 139-165 mg Cl/kg soil. Application of Cl increased the absorption of N,K, increased the content of souble sugar in cured leaf and decreased P absorption of tobacco plant. Therefore, it is important that optimized the fertilization combintation of N,P,K,Cl for the quality of tobacco leaves. The result showed that K2SO4 may be partly replaced by KCl as K source for tobacco production in the nentral purple soil.
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
1995年第1期57-63,共7页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
关键词
烤烟
氯化钾
产量
品质
烟草
Flue-cured tobacco. Potassium chlorine. Yield, Quality
