摘要
目的了解中国首次疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)病毒(VDPV)循环事件的发生及处理情况,评价处理效果。方法急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例按个案调查表进行调查,所有临床符合脊灰病例由国家和省级AFP病例分类专家诊断小组会诊并做出最后分类。结果2004年贵州省黔西南布依族苗族自治州贞丰县发生了Ⅰ型VDPV的循环,这是中国首次发现VDPV的循环。病例及接触者所分离到的脊灰病毒株VP1区与Sabin疫苗株脊灰病毒相比有≥1%核苷酸变异。本次疫情共发现实验室确诊VDPV病例2例,高度怀疑VDPV病例1例,2例确诊病例的3名健康儿童接触者及1例高度怀疑VDPV病例的1名健康儿童接触者分离到VDPV。2例实验室确诊VDPV病例分别为3岁和1岁男童,发病前均未接种口服脊灰减毒活疫苗(OPV),均无外出史。结论各级卫生行政部门和疾病预防控制机构采取了包括AFP病例主动搜索、OPV强化免疫等多项措施,有效地阻断了VDPV的循环。
Objective To introduce detecting and conducting of circulating type Ⅰvaccine-derived poliovirus （VDPV）in China and evaluate the result. Methods AFP cases were investigated according to the AFP investigation form issued by MOH. All the AFP cases classified by national and provincial clinical expertg. Results It is first time for the National Laboratory for Poliomyelitis to detect type Ⅰ VDPV by ELISA and sequencing methods on Aug., 2004. The poliovirus isolated from the cases and contacts are non-Sabin like on ELISA, and differ by 9-11 nucleotide（1.0-1.2 % ） compared to the reference Sabin Ⅰ strain. The type Ⅰ VDPV isolated from an AFP case at Yaoshang Village of Zhenfeng County sent by Guizhou Province. After that, another VDPV AFP case was found in the same village, 3 contacts of these 2 AFP cases and another contact of a high-risk AFP case in the same county were found as type Ⅰ VDPV, too. The 2 laboratory confirmed VDPV cases were 2 boys in 1 and 3 years old, separately,and none of them had OPV history. Conclusion China conducted immunization coverage investigation, actively searched for AFP cases and Supplementary Immunization Activities （SIA） in Guizhou Province to control AFP, no additional VDPV case was found.
出处
《中国计划免疫》
2005年第4期245-247,共3页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
